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Kaouther Snoussi¹, A. Donny Strosberg², Noureddine Bouaouina^1,3, Slim Ben Ahmed⁴, Lotfi Chouchane¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 253-260, 2005
Abstract Objectives. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are determining factors in the immune and inflammatory responses to tumors cells. Experimental data suggest that interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 play important roles in the development and progression of breast cancer. We designed a broad study to investigate the susceptibility and prognostic implications of the genetic variation in IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 in breast carcinoma. Experimental design. We used the polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion to characterize the genetic variation of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 in 305, unrelated Tunisian patients with breast carcinoma and 200 healthy control subjects.… More >

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Carlos Muñoz, Marcelo López, Manuel Olivares, Fernando Pizarro, Miguel Arredondo, Magdalena Araya
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 261-265, 2005
Abstract Backgound. Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for many biological processes including maintenance of both innate and acquired branches of immunity. Objective. To measure the effect of copper supplementation on IL-2 and TNF-α production in subjects with lower and higher ceuloplasmin (Cp) values within normal range. Design. Healthy adults (17 men and 16 women) with normal-low (low Cp) and normal-high Cp (high Cp) values were supplemented with 10 mg Cu/day (as CuSO₄) during 2 months. Method. Before and after supplementation blood mononuclear cells were incubated in the absence or presence of phytohaemagglutinin or lipopolysaccharide for… More >

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ARTICLE

Reuven Laskov¹, Nir Berger¹, Marshall S. Horwitz^2,3
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 267-276, 2005
Abstract Interaction between the CD40 ligand and its cognate receptor is known to affect various aspects of B-cell biology. Less is known about the biological consequences of B-cell signaling through tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and its two receptors. We have used Ramos germinal center (GC)-derived Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) cells as a model system to compare some of the early signaling events of TNF-α and CD40L on the NF-jB and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. We have previously found that both TNF-α and CD40L induced enhanced cell aggregation, adherence and modified cell surface morphology of Ramos… More >

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Csaba Hermann^1,5, Dóra Krikovszky², George Füst³, Margit Kovács³, Anna Körner⁴, András Szabó⁴, Ádám Vannay², László Madácsy²
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 277-281, 2005
Abstract Multiple immune mediators have been mentioned as playing a role in the pathomechanism of type1 DM. Interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α play a central role in the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic b-cells, whereas IL-6 inhibits TNF-α secretion, and may have some protecting effects. In our study, we aimed to investigate the association between these three cytokines’ single nucleotide polymorphisms (IL-6 gene G(-174)C, TNF-α gene G(-308)A and IL-1β gene C(3954)T polymorphisms) and age-at-onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in 165 diabetic children (median age: 17 years). Polymorphisms were determined using the PCR-RFLP method.… More >

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Florian Hoffmann^1,*, Michael H. Albert^1,*, Stephan Arenz³, Christoph Bidlingmaier¹, Nadine Berkowicz¹, Sabine Sedlaczek¹, Holger Till², Ingo Pawlita¹, Ellen D. Renner¹, Michael Weiss⁴, Bernd H. Belohradsky¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 283-288, 2005
Abstract Intracellular detection of cytokines via fluorescent antibody staining and flow cytometry has quickly become a standard method in experimental immunology. However, in pediatrics most studies have been hampered by the exclusion of healthy control individuals or have been skewed by neglecting to observe age-dependent differences in cytokine production. We therefore intended to establish normal values for different age groups and to describe the age-dependent development of cytokine profiles. Whole blood from 46 healthy children and 33 adults was analyzed by flow cytometry after stimulation with PMA, ionomycin and Mmonensin, and staining with anti-cytokine and surface… More >

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Nicolas Cagnard^1,2, Franck Letourneur², Abdellatif Essabbani¹, Valérie Devauchelle³, Sylvie Mistou¹, Audrey Rapinat⁴, Charles Decraene⁴, Catherine Fournier¹, Gilles Chiocchia¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 289-292, 2005
Abstract Since cytokines and chemokines are important actors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles in cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) obtained from patients with either RA, or osteoarthritis (OA), focusing our analysis on genes for cytokines and chemokines, and their respective receptors. Gene expression in cultured FLS (third passage) from eight patients with RA (RA-FLS) were compared with gene expression in cultured FLS from nine patients with OA (OA-FLS) using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array microarray, allowing analysis of over 54,000 transcripts. Among the 171 More >

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Stéphanie Beq¹, Florence Bugault¹, Jean-Hervé Colle¹, Olivier Lambotte², Jean-François Delfraissy², Jacques Thèze¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 293-299, 2005
Abstract IL-7 is a crucial cytokine regulating lymphopoiesis and peripheral T lymphocyte homeostasis. Plasma IL-7 levels increase during HIV infection and, although antiretroviral therapy (ARV therapy) decreases these levels, they fail to return to normal. Immune reconstitution in most ARV-treated patients is only partial. We tested the possibility that the IL-7R system might be affected by ARV drugs. The effects of the antireverse transcriptase AZT and the anti-protease saquinavir on CD3- and CD3+CD28-induced T lymphocyte stimulation, in the presence (or absence) of IL-7, were studied in vitro. Small amounts of the drugs did not interfere with… More >

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S. Fiorentino^1,4, M. Chopin¹, H. Dastot¹, N. Boissel², M. Reboul¹, L. Legrès¹, A. Janin¹, P. Aplan³, F. Sigaux¹, Armelle Regnault¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 300-308, 2005
Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. In recent years, the outcome has been globally improved by current therapies, but it remains poor in patients with high, persistent residual disease following the first course of chemotherapy, prompting evaluation of the possible beneficial effects of immunotherapy protocols. In this study, we hypothesized that the disruption of two immunoregulatory pathways controlling the auto-reactive T cell response might synergize with dendritic cell-based immunotherapy of the disease, which is considered to be poorly immunogenic. In this study, we used TAL1xLMO1 leukemia cells adoptively transferred in… More >

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Katia Boniface¹, Jean-Claude Lecron¹, François-Xavier Bernard², Guy Dagregorio³, Gérard Guillet⁴, François Nau¹, Franck Morel¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 309-319, 2005
Abstract Cytokines are key factors in the cross talk between the immune system and other systems including hepatic, nervous, cardiac and cutaneous systems, leading to an adaptive and integrated response of the organism to stress. They are also involved in the regulation of many processes, including hematopoiesis, the immune response and inflammation. IL-10 is one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines. Five cytokines structurally related to IL-10 have been described and presently form this family of cytokines: IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. In contrast to IL-10, these cytokines display pro-inflammatory activities in different tissues, including More >

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