Open Access
ARTICLE
Chayanee Chairattanawat1, Junghwa Kang2, Jaewook Kim1,*, Bae Young Choi3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.084482
Abstract Pyrola japonica, a member of the Ericaceae family, is a significant medicinal herb and a key model organism in mycorrhizal research, yet its chloroplast (cp) genome has not been fully characterized. Therefore, this study aims to sequence and analyze the complete plastid genome of P. japonica. The complete cp genome of P. japonica was determined to be 168,146 bp in length, exhibiting a characteristic quadripartite structure with a total GC content of 35.1%. A total of 136 genes were annotated, comprising 65 protein-coding genes, 45 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 18 pseudogenes. Amino… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sonia Mansouri1,*, Yassmine Abidi1,2, Leila Riahi3, Ali Ltifi2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083697
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Genetic Resources and Breeding Strategies for Sustainable Crop Yield Enhancement)
Abstract Doubled haploid technology is an important tool for accelerating barley breeding by enabling the rapid development of fully homozygous lines. However, the efficiency of androgenesis in barley remains highly genotype-dependent and is strongly influenced by pretreatment conditions, particularly cold exposure. Despite advances in barley anther culture protocols, the optimal duration of cold pretreatment to enhance androgenic response and green plant regeneration remains poorly understood for many breeding materials. This study therefore aimed to examine the effects of genotype and cold pretreatment duration on androgen induction and regeneration efficiency in spring barley lines. Fifteen barley lines,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Aygül Dayan*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083460
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Plant Nutrition-Mechanisms, Regulation, and Sustainable Applications)
Abstract Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is valued for its nutritional quality, and production practices increasingly focus on improving quality as well as yield. This study evaluated the effects of colored plastic mulches (red, black, grey, and brown) on yield, antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), and mineral composition under open-field conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four mulch treatments and three replications under open-field conditions. Mulch color did not significantly affect total yield, indicating stable biomass production across treatments. In contrast, antioxidant activity and Vitamin C content were significantly More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jolyon Dodgson*, Anna K. Marks, David J. Marks
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082701
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance in Crop)
Abstract Stress can result in up to 70% losses during crop production. Plants are exposed to abiotic stresses, such as drought or salt, or biotic stresses, such as fungal pathogens like powdery mildew or septoria. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling is a part of a common response to plant stresses, but excessive ROS can be damaging. Plants produce antioxidants to reduce ROS. Wheat plants were exposed to drought stress, salt stress, and biotic stress from powdery mildew and septoria. In a glasshouse, wheat plants were treated with a functional fertiliser (Indra containing Oxygon chemistry, Levity Crop… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jurica Duvnjak1, Daniel Kujundzic2, Katarina Sunic Budimir1, John C. D’Auria2, Valentina Spanic1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082576
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in the Breeding of High-Yielding and High-Quality Seeds)
Abstract In this study, metabolomic profiling using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed clear distinctions between Fusarium-infected and control wheat spikes, as shown by the separate clustering of infected samples. Out of 222 detected features, eight were found to be significantly altered in infected spikes compared to controls, highlighting specific metabolic changes associated with the plant’s response to Fusarium head blight (FHB) stress. In response to Fusarium infection, wheat exhibited significant metabolic reprogramming, with both reductions and accumulations of key metabolites. A decrease in 3-methoxytyramine (28.9–85.3%), octylamine, malic acid, and homonojirimycin suggests their early involvement in defence-related pathways… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Cheng Qu1,2, Fen Liu3, Dongping Yao1, Zhijun Li1, Yuanhuan Li1, Tangxing Liu1, Yue Wang2, Lili Yang1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082659
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Crop Stress Mitigation for Enhanced Productivity and Quality)
Abstract To clarify the remediation effect of microbial inoculant fertilizer on cadmium (Cd) pollution following the application of pig manure organic fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted. No fertilization (CK1) and conventional fertilization (CK2) were used as controls. The treatments included conventional fertilization + pig manure organic fertilizer (PM, 2800 kg/hm2) and four levels of microbial inoculant fertilizer (7.5, 15, 22.5, 30 L/hm2) combined with the PM treatment. The study compared the effects of different treatments on rice economic traits, yield, Cd content in grains and plants, soil available Cd, total Cd, soil pH, and soil enzyme… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abel Bala1, Monica Hârţa1,*, Doina Clapa1, Floricuţa Ranga2, Doina Angela Pui3, Mirela Irina Cordea1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083046
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Flowering Plants: Their History, Cultivation Methods, Biology, and Impact on Well-being)
Abstract This study presents an interdisciplinary approach to the chromatic diversity of the genus Paeonia, combining quantitative colorimetric analysis (CIELab and RHS systems) with biochemical profiling of anthocyanins across 14 genotypes. The results indicate a correlation between the biochemical composition of the petals and their visual appearance, suggesting that the intensity and distribution of certain pigments—mainly cyanidin and peonidin derivatives—determine the hue and saturation of the flowers. HPLC analysis revealed quantitative variation in pigmentation: dark-red genotypes showed high levels of anthocyanins (e.g., P. tenuifolia ‘Flore-Plena’), whereas these compounds were not detected in yellow genotypes. In parallel, More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Milica Aćimović1, Milena Popov2, Nataša Mandić2, Ana Tomić3, Biljana Lončar4, Lato Pezo5, Mirjana Cvetković6, Jovana Stanković Jeremić6, Olja Šovljanski3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.079695
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant-Derived Antimicrobials: Phytochemical Defense, Plant Metabolism, and Ecological Roles)
Abstract (1) Background: Plant hydrolates are widely generated as by-products of essential oil distillation, yet their potential biological properties remain insufficiently explored. This study evaluated whether that lemon catnip (Nepeta cataria var. citriodora) hydrolate exhibits allelopathic and antimicrobial effects in preliminary in vitro assays, contributing to the valorization of distillation residues within circular bioeconomy approaches. (2) Methods: Phytotoxic effects on germination and early seedling growth of crops (maize, soybean, and white clover) and weeds (common lambsquarters, amaranth, and wild carrot) were evaluated under in vitro conditions using hydrolate solutions (10%, 20%, 50%, and 100%). Germination kinetics were modelled using first-order,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ronglin Liu1, Yizhuo Feng1, Zezhong Lin2, Daiquan Ye3, Hui Xiao2, Jinhua Huang3, Kehui Zheng4, Guangqiu Cao1, Shijiang Cao1,*, Renhua Zheng2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083495
Abstract Space-induced mutagenesis, as a tool for generating genetic variation, has been widely exploited in crop improvement. However, its mutagenic impact on long-lived forest trees—especially the long-term effects on traits expressed at reproductive maturity—remains systematically unassessed. In this study, we used Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), a key timber species in China, to evaluate the influence of the space environment on mature-phase traits. We compared growth and cone characters between a 14-year-old space-mutated plantation derived from seeds flown aboard the Shijian-8 recoverable satellite and a contemporaneously planted ground control stand. Mean diameter at breast height and individual stem… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Xinyao Li1, Dongyang Sun1, Yunong Zhou2, Yong Li3, Jie Ma4, Xuena Yu1, Zhi Huang1, Fen Zhang1,*, Bo Sun1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082599
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Plant Nutrition-Mechanisms, Regulation, and Sustainable Applications)
Abstract Baby mustard is rich in nutrients; however, it is prone to postharvest yellowing and wilting, which leads to the loss of nutritional components. Folic acid, an important water-soluble vitamin, exhibits substantial physiological antioxidant activity. This study explored the impact of folic acid immersion treatments on the visual quality and health-promoting compounds of baby mustard stored at 20°C. The results showed that, compared with other concentrations, 5 mg L−1 folic acid treatment (F5) was the most effective in improving baby mustard storability. In terms of appearance and sensory acceptability, the F5 treatment was more effective than 0… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Siyi Fang1, Bin Zheng1, Jiao Ma2, Shengwen Tang2, Lanying Chen3,4,#,*, Qiumei Quan1,#,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083644
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Flowering Plants: Their History, Cultivation Methods, Biology, and Impact on Well-being)
Abstract Pollen viability plays a pivotal role in determining fertilization success, directly influencing fruit and seed production, as well as the genetic improvement and conservation of flowering plants. This study sought to establish the optimal culture medium and environmental conditions for in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Hibiscus mutabilis Linn., a species of notable ornamental and ecological significance. We employed Brewbaker and Kwack medium(BK) supplemented with varying concentrations of sucrose, H3BO3, CaCl2, MgSO4·7H2O, and KNO2 to systematically evaluate the effects of these components on pollen viability. Additionally, we investigated the impact of environmental factors including temperature, light… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Gian Marco Ludovici1,2,*, Paola Amelia Tassi2, Alba Iannotti2,3, Colomba Russo2,3, Francesco Gargallo di Castel Lentini4, Timothy Alexander Mousseau5, Andrea Malizia1,2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083056
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Multi-Omics Insights into Plant Acclimation to Environmental Stress)
Abstract The detonation of nuclear weapons, beginning with the Trinity test in New Mexico and followed by the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, created distinct environments of ionizing radiation exposure. While the ecological consequences of reactor accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima have been extensively investigated, the potential evolutionary implications of historical weapons testing for plant communities remain comparatively underexplored, particularly in arid ecosystems. This review synthesizes available, yet fragmented, evidence to examine the hypothesis that residual radionuclides in arid test-site environments may have acted as potential selective pressures influencing plant persistence and stress-associated traits in native… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Muhammad Nazim1,2,*, Abdul Ghafoor3,*, Abida Hussain4, Mehwish Tabassum5, Aamir Nawaz6, Muhammad Ahmad7, Murad Muhammad1,2, Muqarrab Ali4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058970
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Soil Microbe-Plant Interactions: Unveiling Mechanisms of Biostimulants in Stress Tolerance)
Abstract In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a
favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both
inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface
functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust
adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential
characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review… More >
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