Open Access
ARTICLE
Argyrios Kalaitzidis1, Anastasia Zotou1, Dimitra Loka2, Paraskevi Mpeza1, Persephone Archimandriti1, Nicholas E. Korres1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.081379
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress)
Abstract The effects of water stress on the morphophysiological and biochemical characteristics of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) were investigated in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions. Both species were exposed to four irrigation levels: no stress (1000 mL H2O), mild stress (800 mL H2O), moderate stress (600 mL H2O), and severe stress (400 mL H2O), with treatments applied every 2 days over a period of eight weeks. The results demonstrated the negative impacts of water stress, especially under moderate and severe conditions. Specifically, there was a reduction in height and dry weight in both species, with… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Yu Yang1,*, Biao Jia1, Xin Ma1,*, Hailing Shang1, Shuai Lou1, Chao Zhang1, Jianming Zhao1, Min Li1, Jiali Bao1, Zhongbo Wang2, Dongjie Jia3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.081047
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Integrated Approaches to Crop Yield Enhancement)
Abstract Small berries, represented by strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, and aronia berries, are increasingly valued worldwide for their rich nutritional content and economic potential. This review systematically outlines the growth characteristics of these berries, with a focused analysis on strawberries-including their ecological adaptations and responses to soil, water, temperature, light, and nutrition. It further elaborates on the integrated technical system for protected strawberry cultivation, covering cultivar selection, seedling propagation, transplanting, water and nutrient management, environmental control, flower and fruit regulation, green pest control, and post-harvest handling. The paper also discusses innovative models for industry development, such as More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Abdul Ghafoor1,*, Muhammad Munir2,*, Khalid Turk1, Muhammad Tahir3, Umair Riaz4, Adnan Mustafa5
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.080990
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Application of Nanomaterials in Plants)
Abstract Agricultural systems increasingly face interacting abiotic and biotic stresses driven by climate change and soil degradation. Plant performance under such conditions is determined by coordinated networks of functional traits governing resource acquisition, allocation, and defense. These traits also structure plant-associated microbiomes, whose activities influence nutrient cycling, stress buffering, and disease suppression. This review synthesizes current evidence that agricultural nanomaterials enhance crop stress resilience primarily by reprogramming plant functional trait networks and, through them, modulating microbiome dynamics. We analyze how nanomaterial physicochemical properties including size, surface chemistry, dissolution behavior, and redox activity determine their bioavailability and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Wessam M. Serag El-Din1,*, Kamal E. Attia1, Taghreed E. Eissa2,*, Tarek M. Noor El-Deen2, Hadeer Darwish1,3, Ghadah H. Al Hawas4,5, Modhi O. Alotaibi6,7
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.078357
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Crop Stress Mitigation for Enhanced Productivity and Quality)
Abstract Water salinity is a growing environmental concern that significantly impacts soil health, agricultural productivity, and freshwater sustainability, especially in arid regions. This study evaluated the comparative effects of foliar-applied glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on growth, flower yield, essential oil composition, and physiological responses of Matricaria chamomilla L. under water salinity levels. The experiment was conducted during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons at the Experimental Farm of El-Quassassin, Ismailia, Egypt, using a factorial randomized complete block design with three replicates. Foliar applications of GSH (1, 2, and 3 mM) and H2O2 (5, 10, and 20 mM)… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Elizeu Monteiro Pereira Júnior, Lorena de Souza Cunha, Andreza Sousa Carmo, Ana Clara Lucarini, Ynglety Cascaes Pereira Matos, Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato, Elaine Maria Silva Guedes Lobato*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.072138
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) and Plant Stress)
Abstract Nickel (Ni) is an essential metallic micronutrient for optimal plant growth and development, regulator of essential metabolic processes, but its interaction with other essential nutrients can result in differences in the absorption of these nutrients, which can disrupt the ionic balance. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological performance and growth of soybean plants subjected to Ni levels applied via soil under Fe (iron) excess, determining the behavior of redox metabolism, gas exchange, and photosynthetic pigments. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a factorial 2 × 3, with… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Meng Zhao1, Shuai Li1, Yuanyuan Zhang2,3, Yunduan Qin2,3, Yu Xu2,3, Chunyang Feng2,3, Kekang Su2,3, Xinlei Guo2,3, Changwei Shen1,*, Jingping Yuan2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.077668
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Plant Nutrition-Mechanisms, Regulation, and Sustainable Applications)
Abstract Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) is a typical potassium (K)-demanding crop that is highly sensitive to soil K availability. Severe soil potassium deficiency in production fields frequently impairs both yield and quality. Therefore, screening for potassium-efficient varieties is essential for identifying germplasm resources and breeding materials tolerant to low-K conditions. To evaluate genetic variation in potassium utilization efficiency, 12 Chinese cabbage germplasms were assessed under two field conditions: with adequate potassium supply (K2O 165 kg/ha) and without potassium application (K2O 0 kg/ha). Fourteen parameters, including yield, plant growth, potassium content, and potassium accumulation, were measured and compared.… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yuxian Liu1,2, Jinzhuo Yao1,2, Bangxing Han1,2,*, Cheng Song1,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082999
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Hormone Signaling and Environmental Cue Integration: Mechanisms and Regulatory Networks)
Abstract Essential oil is one of the main active ingredients in the medicinal herb Peucedanum praeruptorum. However, limited studies have been conducted on the quality evaluation of this essential oil. Here, we performed an optimization and evaluation of P. praeruptorum volatile oil extraction using response surface methodology. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was employed to screen relevant biomarkers. A sensory evaluation of the volatile oil components of P. praeruptorum was conducted across different time periods, and aroma differences were examined. The optimal extraction process involved an extraction time of 4 h, a soaking time of 2 h, a… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Alla I. Perfileva1, Konstantin V. Krutovsky2,3,4,5,6,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.078352
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Application of Nanomaterials in Plants)
Abstract The article presents the study of the effect of nanocomposites (NCs) based on selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a matrix of natural polysaccharides—arabinogalactan (AG), carrageenan (CAR), and starch (ST)—on the content of chlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoids in potato tissues in vitro. Potatoes were grown for 28 days on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with the addition of a NC, then pigments were isolated from leaf tissues, and their content was determined spectrophotometrically. Both a stimulating effect and an inhibitory effect of different NCs on the pigment content were found. Se and Cu… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sijun Bao1, Yingping Chen1,2,3, Xiaoqiang Wei1,2,3, Long Tan1,2,3, Lihui Wang1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.080248
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Ethnobotanical Innovations: Exploring Traditional Plant Uses for Modern Solutions)
Abstract This study aimed to elucidate the effects of varying seedling ages at planting on the agronomic traits and nutrient content of stem lettuce. The early-maturing variety “WS120” and the late-maturing variety “WS1” were employed as experimental materials. Four seedling age treatments were established at 20, 25, 30, and 35 d. By measuring the agronomic traits and nutrient content of the stem lettuce, we employed correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and the membership function method for a comprehensive evaluation. This study aims to elucidate the optimal planting age for stem lettuce in plateau regions.… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Sajida1,#, Hamdy Kashtoh2,#, Tensangmu Lama Tamang2,*, Kwang-Hyun Baek2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.075288
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Abiotic Stresses and Plant Defences in Climate Change)
Abstract Drought represents a major environmental challenge, limiting water availability to plants and disrupting their physiological functions and growth, particularly in dryland regions. Traditional strategies, including water conservation practices, plant breeding, and advanced tools such as genetic engineering, have been employed to enhance drought tolerance. However, these methods are often time-consuming and expensive. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) present a promising alternative by forming symbiotic relationships with plant roots and boosting drought resilience. PGPR enhances plant tolerance to drought-induced water stress through complex biochemical and physiological mechanisms, including phytohormone modulation, exopolysaccharides production, nutrient uptake, and gene regulation.… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Ioana Crișan*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.078817
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The Biological Activity of Essential Oils, Volume II)
Abstract Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae), commonly called garden sage or Dalmatian sage, is an aromatic species native to the Mediterranean Basin and one of the oldest medicinal herbs. Culinary importance is well attested historically and has continued relevance for contemporary regional gastronomy, particularly in Europe. Traditionally, it has been used for medicinal infusions, to flavor or preserve meat, and in the production of cheese specialties. Today, it is recognized for its commercial and industrial value. This work aims to provide an up-to-date look at the economic botany of this species, with special reference to the essential oil (EO)… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Muhammad Nazim1,2,*, Abdul Ghafoor3,*, Abida Hussain4, Mehwish Tabassum5, Aamir Nawaz6, Muhammad Ahmad7, Murad Muhammad1,2, Muqarrab Ali4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058970
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Soil Microbe-Plant Interactions: Unveiling Mechanisms of Biostimulants in Stress Tolerance)
Abstract In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a
favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both
inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface
functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust
adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential
characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review… More >
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