Open Access
ARTICLE
Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa1,2, Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez2,3, Marisol Reyes Muñoz3, Marcos Carrasco-Benavides4, Sebastián Romero-Bravo4, Manuel Chacón-Fuentes5, Miguel Araya-Alman6,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.088464
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Molecular and Physiological Mechanisms of Berry Fruit Development and Quality Formation)
Abstract (1) Background: Increasing heat and radiation exposure in Mediterranean vineyards are intensifying the risk of berry sunburn and altering grape composition, particularly in white cultivars such as Chardonnay. Canopy management and shading nets are potential adaptation strategies, but their effects on microclimate, vine physiology, and nitrogen-related berry composition remain insufficiently understood. (2) Methods: This study evaluated the effects of photoselective and conventional shade nets, leaf removal, and an untreated control on Chardonnay grapevines grown in east–west-oriented rows during one growing season. (3) Results: The incident photosynthetically active radiation (PARi) was strongly increased by leaf removal,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Esra Alther1,2, Hind Abdelmonim Elsanosi1,2, Ghazi Badawi2, Guisheng Zhou1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.087409
Abstract The domain of unknown function 506 (DUF506) family belongs to the PD-(D/E) XK nuclease superfamily and is related to the regulation of plant growth and development and responses to abiotic stress. To date, no comprehensive analysis of the DUF506 gene family has been conducted in Sorghum bicolor. This study revealed nine SbDUF506 genes, which have been distributed unevenly across five chromosomes. Gene structure analysis indicated that SbDUF506 genes composed of one to three exons and introns. Cis-regulatory element analysis indicated that most SbDUF506 genes are associated with responses to abiotic stress. Collectively, the results suggest that gene duplication… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Mohammed Radi1,2, Mohammed Taoussi1,2, Ikram Legrifi1, Mohammed Khadiri1, Hakima Achetoui1,3, Sohaib Khatib4, Essaid Ait Barka5, Jamal Ibijbijen2, Laila Nassiri2, Rachid Lahlali1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.087963
Abstract Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) production is severely constrained by gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea, a major pathogen responsible for significant pre- and postharvest losses worldwide. The increasing occurrence of fungicide-resistant populations and growing environmental concerns have intensified the search for sustainable disease management strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biology, epidemiology, and fungicide resistance of B. cinerea, with a particular focus on eco-friendly approaches for gray mold control in strawberry. It critically examines the effectiveness of cultural practices, biological control agents, including antagonistic bacteria, fungi and yeasts, as well as natural antifungal compounds such More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Yumeng Zhao, Jun Tao*, Yuhan Tang*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.087467
Abstract This review focuses on the synergistic roles of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) in horticultural systems, highlighting their mechanisms from physiological functions to molecular regulation and community-level synergy. PGPR and PGPF enhance nutrient acquisition, modulate phytohormones, induce systemic resistance, and alleviate abiotic stresses through complementary pathways. At the molecular level, microbial signals trigger downstream signaling cascades, leading to transcriptional reprogramming and epigenetic priming for long-lasting stress memory. The coexistence of PGPR and PGPF can generate synergistic benefits that may outperform single strains under suitable host, microbial, and environmental conditions; however, challenges More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jiaji Zhang, Yunyao Yang, Minmin Chen, Xin Han, Gongping Nie, Xiyan Chen, Lin Zhou, Liuyan Yang*, Yongchun Zhang*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.086524
Abstract The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors constitute one of the largest and most functionally diverse gene families in plants, playing central roles in growth, development, and stress adaptation. However, systematic information on this family remains limited in Lilium davidii var. unicolor, an economically important ornamental and edible bulb crop with a remarkably large and complex genome. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide survey and identified 64 LdbZIP genes. Phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis and rice assigned the LdbZIPs to 11 of the 13 recognized subfamilies, with no member of subfamily IV or VIII detected. The encoded proteins… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu Din Ahmed1,2,#,*, Wei He2,3,#, Fenglan Yang2,4,#, Xiaomeng Yang2,#, Li-E Yang2, Yawen Zeng2, Jiazhen Yang2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.088204
Abstract Comprehensive volatile profiling of three banana varieties, Zhongjiao 8, Baodaojiao, and Jinyu 2203, was performed across multiple tissues and ripening stages, namely leaf vein (LV), leaf (L), unripe peel (UP), unripe fruit (UF), ripe peel (RP), and ripe fruit (RF), using (Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction/Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) HS-SPME-GC–MS to characterize volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with aroma development, fruit quality, and post-harvest characteristics. Approximately 450 VOCs were retained after analytical filtering, with alcohols, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and terpenes representing the dominant chemical classes. Key tentatively identified volatile compounds, including 1-pentanol-3-methyl, (S)-(+)-3-methyl-1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, hexanal, propanoic acid pentyl ester, and butanoic acid… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Mehmet Sezgin1,2,*, Mustafa Kahya2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.087624
Abstract Plants utilize a complex network of phytohormones to adapt to environmental stressors and coordinate their growth and development. Along with the classic five hormones (auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, and ethylene), newly discovered classes of hormones such as brassinosteroids, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, strigolactones, karrikins, and peptide hormones regulate almost all aspects of plant physiology. This review article has been prepared with the needs of researchers and practitioners involved in plant production in mind. Phytohormones are systematically discussed in terms of their discovery history, chemical structures, fundamental roles in plant physiology, and interhormone interactions. Each More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yunduan Qin1,2,#, Kekang Su1,2,#, Meng Zhao3, Yu Xu1,2, Yuanyuan Zhang1,2, Chunyang Feng1,2, Xinlei Guo1,2, Chunhui Wu1,2, Changwei Shen3,*, Jingping Yuan1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.085158
Abstract Tip-burn in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is a calcium-deficiency-induced physiological disorder, and BrWRKY25 functions as a negative regulator of tip-burn resistance. To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying BrWRKY25-mediated tip-burn resistance, we constructed a yeast cDNA library from Chinese cabbage subjected to calcium-deficient treatment to identify its key upstream transcription factors. The constructed yeast cDNA library exhibited a titer of 9.5 × 106 colony forming unit (CFU)·mL−1 and an average insert size exceeding 1000 bp, meeting the quality criteria for downstream applications. Using the 1044-bp promoter of BrWRKY25 as bait, we screened several transcription factors, including zinc… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hualin Hu1,2,*, Caiwei Wang1,2, Jian Fan1,2, Chengmei Wang3, Chunguang Ren4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.084714
Abstract Clove (Syzygium aromaticum), a member of the Myrtaceae family, is widely distributed throughout tropical regions from Indonesia to China. This research aimed to investigate the antifungal effects and mechanisms of clove essential oil (CEO) against Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of root rot disease in Pseudostellaria heterophylla and other crops. The inhibitory effects of CEO on mycelial growth, spore germination and ergosterol biosynthesis of F. oxysporum were assessed through in vitro assays. The mechanism was initially investigated by analyzing the primary components of CEO using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and performing molecular docking studies with the target enzyme. Results showed… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Md. Abdul Quddus1,*, Khokan Kumer Sarker2, Zoheb Hasan Fahad1, Shafkat Tashzi3, Shimul Mondal4, Nazneen Ara Sultana5, Rabeka Sultana Smriti6, Md. Anarul Islam1, Md. Ruhul Amin7, Hela Znazen8, Ahmed Gaber9, Akbar Hossain10,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.086296
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Application of Nanomaterials in Plants)
Abstract The productivity of summer tomato in subtropical regions is hampered by boron (B) deficiency, an element essential for reproductive development. Conventional soil or foliar applications often suffer from nutrient leaching and inadequate uptake. Nanoboron fertilizers offer a highly efficient and innovative alternative; their small particle size and high surface-to-volume ratio enhance cellular penetration. This study evaluated the efficacy of foliar-applied boron nanoparticles in improving summer tomato productivity, fruit quality, nutrient use efficiency and profitability, while determining the optimal dosage for maximizing yield. A field study was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Taras Koliadzhyn1, Andriy Grytsyk1, Nadiia Lehin1, Lubov Grytsyk2, Ain Raal3, Oleh Koshovyi3,4,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.085064
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Medicinal Plants: Phytochemical and Pharmacological Research)
Abstract Astrantia major L. (Apiaceae) is a non-official medicinal plant with a long history of use in the traditional medicine of many European countries; however, its phytochemical composition and pharmacological properties remain insufficiently studied. This study aimed to investigate the phenolic profile of A. major herb extracts and evaluate their biological activities. A total of 17 phenolic compounds were identified, including hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, catechins and tannin-related metabolites. Chlorogenic acid was the predominant hydroxycinnamic acid, while rutin was the major flavonoid. Among the tannin-related metabolites, gallocathechin predominated in the aqueous extract (AM0), whereas epigallocatechin was the major constituent… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Xi Feng1, Meng Zhang1, Jinling Han1, Yanbing Wang2,*, Jian Wang1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.086921
Abstract To clarify the effectiveness of nicosulfuron (NIF) in controlling weeds in cornfields and the physiological response mechanisms of corn, this study synthesized 29 relevant articles for a meta-analysis. A pair of sweet corn sister lines with different resistance to NIF (resistant HK301 and sensitive HK320) was selected as materials, and the responses of non-target metabolic pathways under NIF stress were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that NIF is highly effective against weeds such as Eleusine indica and Amaranthus retroflexus, but less effective against weeds such as Cyperus difformis (13.20%) and Abutilon theophrasti (−4.10%). High… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
REVIEW
Georgios P. Stylianidis1, Chrysoula K. Pantazopoulou1, Styliani N. Chorianopoulou1,2, Dimitris L. Bouranis1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.085051
Abstract Cellular carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolisms are tightly coordinated towards sustaining optimal growth and development for plants. C:N ratio is well-studied. Research results highlight strong interest in C:N dynamics in crops, especially in relation to soil health, crop production, as well as nutrient cycling. However, the C:N:S (sulfur) stoichiometry within plant tissues is under-reviewed. This lack of research persists despite the critical importance of the C:N:S elemental nexus for nutrient use efficiency, stress physiology, yield quality, and sustainable fertilization. Thus, the biochemical integration of C, N, and S and the corresponding homeostases are discussed. More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Muhammad Nazim1,2,*, Abdul Ghafoor3,*, Abida Hussain4, Mehwish Tabassum5, Aamir Nawaz6, Muhammad Ahmad7, Murad Muhammad1,2, Muqarrab Ali4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058970
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Soil Microbe-Plant Interactions: Unveiling Mechanisms of Biostimulants in Stress Tolerance)
Abstract In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a
favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both
inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface
functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust
adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential
characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review… More >
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