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Yanyan Zhao^1,*, Yanpeng Ding², Bailin Duan¹, Qingzhou Xie¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 1-15, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022384
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Symbiotic Associations for Nutrients Management and Complexes Formation for Better Agricultural Crops Productivity under Biotic and Abiotic Stresses)
Abstract GRAS transcription factors play important roles in plant abiotic stress response, but their characteristics and functions in cotton have not been fully investigated. A cotton SCL4/7 subgroup gene in the GRAS family, GhSCL4, was found to be induced by NaCl treatments. Nuclear localization and transactivation activity of GhSCL4 indicate its potential role in transcriptional regulation. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana over-expressing GhSCL4 showed enhanced resistance to salt and osmotic stress. What’s more, the transcript levels of salt stress-induced genes (AtNHX1 and AtSOS1) and oxidation-related genes (AtAPX3 and AtCSD2) were more highly induced in the GhSCL4 over-expression lines than in wild type after… More >

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Zhaohui Tang^1,2,3, Feng Guo^1,2,3, Li Cui^1,2,3, Qingkai Li⁴, Jialei Zhang^1,2,3, Jianguo Wang^1,2,3, Sha Yang^1,2,3, Jingjing Meng^1,2,3, Xinguo Li^1,2,3, Ping Liu^2,3,5,*, Shubo Wan^1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 17-34, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022405
Abstract

Continuous cropping (CC) obstacle is a major threat in legume crops production; however, the underlying mechanisms concerning the roles allelochemicals play in CC obstacle are poorly understood. The current 2-year study was conducted to investigate the effects of different kinds and concentrations of allelochemicals, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (H), cinnamic acid (C), phthalic acid (P), and their mixtures (M) on peanut root growth and productivity in response to CC obstacle. Treatment with H, C, P, and M significantly decreased the plant height, dry weight of the leaves and stems, number of branches, and length of the lateral stem compared with control. Exogenous… More >

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ARTICLE

Yan Wan^1,#, Yuan Liang^1,#, Xuxiao Gong^1,#, Jianyong Ouyang¹, Jingwei Huang², Xiaoyong Wu¹, Qi Wu¹, Changying Liu¹, Xueling Ye¹, Xiaoning Cao³, Gang Zhao¹, Liang Zou^1,*, Dabing Xiang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 35-54, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021698
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is an important pseudocereal feed crop with medicinal and nutritional value. Drought is one of the main causes of reduced growth and yield in these plants. We investigated the growth, physiological, and metabolic responses of the widely promoted Tartary buckwheat variety Chuan Qiao No. 1 to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated drought stress. Drought significantly decreased shoot length, shoot biomass and relative water content. Root length, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage, activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and amylase, and contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline were increased by PEG-mediated drought. Untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 32 core… More >

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ARTICLE

Yajie Liu, Linlin Fang, Wenna Zhao, Chunxue Yang^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 55-69, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022159
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mycorrhizal Fungi and Sustainable Development of Agriculture)
Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi distribute widely in natural habits and play a variety of ecological functions. In order to test the physiological response to salt stress mediated by different AM fungi, Viola prionantha was selected as the host, the dominant AM fungus in the rhizosphere of V. philippica growing in Songnen saline-alkali grassland, Rhizophagus irregularis, and their mixtures were used as inoculants, and NaCl stress was applied after the roots were colonized. The results showed that V. philippica could be colonized by AM fungi in the field and the colonization rate ranged from 73.33% to 96.67%, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum was… More >

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ARTICLE

Ge Chen^1,2, Yuling Kang¹, Fangbo Cao¹, Jiana Chen¹, Min Huang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 71-77, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022313
Abstract Weeds occurred during the fallow season can well perform the function of carbon (C) capture due to receiving little human disturbance. This study aimed to evaluate the C capture potential of fallow weeds in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping systems. A six-region, two-year on-farm investigation and a three-year tillage experiment were conducted to estimate C capture in fallow weeds in rice cropping systems. The on-farm investigation showed that the average mean C capture by fallow weeds across six regions and two years reached 112 g m^–2. The tillage experiment indicated that no-tillage practices increased C capture by fallow weeds by… More >

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ARTICLE

Junsheng Sun^#, Haozhen Zhang^#, Mingxia Zhang, Sishen Li, Yanrong An^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 79-90, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022225
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Omics in Challenging Environment)
Abstract EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a light zeitnehmer (time-taker) gene, regulates circadian rhythm and photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis, rice, and barley. The three orthologs of ELF3 (TaELF3-1AL, TaELF3-1BL, and TaELF3-1DL) have been identified in wheat too, and one gene, TaELF3-1DL, has been associated with heading date. However, the basic characteristics of these three genes and the roles of the other two genes, TaELF3-1BL and, TaELF3-1AL, remain unknown. Therefore, the present study obtained the coding sequences of the three orthologs (TaELF3-1AL, TaELF3-1BL, and TaELF3-1DL) of ELF3 from bread wheat and characterized them and investigated the role of TaELF3-1BL in Arabidopsis. Protein sequence… More >

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Haojie Jia^1,2, Hong Du^1,2,*, Muhmmad Aslam^1,2, Tangcheng Li^1,2, Canqi Zheng^1,2, Xihui Xie^1,2, Nan Huang^1,2, Honghao Liang^1,2, Pengbing Pei^1,2, Ping Li^1,2, Weizhou Chen^1,2, Xiaojuan Liu^1,2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 91-110, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022663
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Omics in Challenging Environment)
Abstract Sulfur is an essential macronutrient for the growth of all photosynthetic organisms and plays important roles in different metabolic pathways. However, sulfur metabolism and its related research on macroalgae with important ecological value is rather limited. In this study, marine ecological valued macroalga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis was used to study the general physiological responses and transcriptome profiling under the sulfate deficiency. The relative growth rate of algae under sulfate deficiency was statistically significantly lower than that of control after 6 days. However, no significant differences were observed in the pigments content and Fv/Fm value, indicating that the photosynthesis was not obviously… More >

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Walid Soufan^*, Yaser Hassan Dewir, Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 111-120, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023115
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Symbiotic Associations for Nutrients Management and Complexes Formation for Better Agricultural Crops Productivity under Biotic and Abiotic Stresses)
Abstract Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), when exposed to abiotic stress such as salinity, suffers significant losses in yield and productivity. The present study evaluated the salinity tolerance of 12 alfalfa cultivars in vitro using five concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl), ranging from 0 to 250 mmol L⁻¹ . The results obtained in the current study revealed that the Saudi cultivars, Kasimi and Hassawi, and the German cultivar (Berlin) had the highest salinity tolerance in terms of germination percentage (GP), corrected germination rate index (CGRI), days to reach 50% germination (GT50), and ability to form cotyledonary and true leaves. Under mmol L⁻¹… More >

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Yingying Zhang^1,2,3, Jinhai Liu^1,2,3, Zhuosheng Yan⁴, Gangshun Rao⁵, Xiangru Tang^1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 121-130, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022697
Abstract Irrigation with desalinated seawater is an effective way to use ocean resources and save freshwater resources. However, seawater irrigation would cause yield loss of rice. In order to explore the effects of ultrasonic seed treatment on rice performances under seawater irrigation, the present study was conducted with three irrigation treatments (fresh water (SW0), ten times diluted seawater (SW1%, 0.34% salinity), and five times diluted seawater (SW2%, 0.68% salinity)) and two seed treatments (ultrasonic treated seeds (UT) and untreated seeds (CK)). Compared with SW0 + CK treatment, SW1 + CK and SW2 + CK treatments significantly decreased grain yield by 56.19%… More >

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Guangheng Wu^1,#,*, Lu Rui^2,3,#, Xiang Lu⁴, Libo Han², Gan Lv¹, Xianyu Fu⁵, Jinxian Liu⁵, Nong Zhou³, Chuanhai Zhang¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 131-147, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021919
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant–Environment Interactions)
Abstract Gray blight disease (GBD) causes significant losses in tea production in China. Although genes and biological processes involved in resistance to fungal disease in tea plants have been identified, specific mechanisms of the GBD infection process remain unknown. In this study, morphological and multi-gene (TEF-TUB-ITS) phylogenetic characteristics were used to identify isolate CLBB1 of Pseudopestalotiopsis vietnamensis. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that isolate CLBB1 from tea leaves caused GBD in the susceptible tea cultivar Wuyi Rock (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis cv. Shuixian). Spores began to germinate 24 h after infection (hai), and after 48 h, elongated fungal hyphae formed from a single conidium. Transcriptome… More >

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ARTICLE

Houneida Attia^1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 149-164, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022363
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Integrating Agronomy and Plant Physiology for Improving Crop Production)
Abstract Pea is a seed legume. It is rich in cellulose fibre and protein. It is also a significant source of minerals and vitamins. In this paper, we set out to better characterize the physiological responses of Pisum sativum L. to the combined effects of NaCl, 100 mM and gibberellins (GA3). Our analysis revealed that NaCl caused a decrease in growth resulting in a reduction in root elongation, distribution and density, leaf number and leaf area, and a decrease in dry matter of roots and shoots. However, the contribution of GA3 in the salty environment induced an increase in these different… More >

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REVIEW

Munir Ozturk^1,*, Mert Metin², Volkan Altay³, Tomonori Kawano², Alvina Gul⁴, Bengu Turkyilmaz Unal^5,*, Dilek Unal⁶, Rouf Ahmad Bhat⁷, Moonisa Aslam Dervash⁸, Kristina Toderich⁹, Esra Koc¹⁰, Pedro Garcia Caparros¹¹, Andleeb Shahzadi¹²
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 165-192, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022038
Abstract Aluminum is an abundant metal in the earth’s crust that turns out to be toxic in acidic environments. Many plants are affected by the presence of aluminum at the whole plant level, at the organ level, and at the cellular level. Tobacco as a cash crop (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a widely cultivated plant worldwide and is also a good model organism for research. Although there are many articles on Al-phytotoxicity in the literature, reviews on a single species that are economically and scientifically important are limited. In this article, we not only provide the biology associated with tobacco Al-toxicity,… More >

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Mengyao Yan¹, Xianqi Zeng¹, Banghui Zhang¹, Hui Zhang², Di Tan¹, Binghua Cai¹, Shenchun Qu¹, Sanhong Wang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 193-208, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023078
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Integrating Agronomy and Plant Physiology for Improving Crop Production)
Abstract The effect of soil nutrient content on fruit yield and fruit quality is very important. To explore the effect of soil nutrients on apple quality we investigated 200 fruit samples from 40 orchards in Feng County, Jiangsu Province. Soil mineral elements and fruit quality were measured. The effect of soil nutrient content on fruit quality was analyzed by artificial neural network (ANN) model. The results showed that the prediction accuracy was highest (R²= 0.851, 0.847, 0.885, 0.678 and 0.746) in mass per fruit (MPF), hardness (HB), soluble solids concentrations (SSC), titratable acid concentration (TA) and solid-acid ratio (SSC/TA), respectively. The sensitivity… More >

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ARTICLE

Xiaolan Guo^1,2, Di Zhao², Jinbin Hu³, Delu Wang^2,*, Jianbin Wang¹, Muhammad Shakeel⁴
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 209-223, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023050
Abstract

To evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) and irrigation coupling on the soil N distribution, plant N utilization, and fruit yield of rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium virgatum), a field experiment was designed using two factors (water and fertilizer application) with four levels of irrigation and three levels of fertilization, and a control. Under the different water and fertilizer combinations, N primarily accumulated in the leaves. Irrigation and N application within appropriate ranges (pure N ≤ 29 g/plant and irrigation volume ≤ 2.5 L/plant) significantly improved the blueberry fruit yield. Increases in water and N within these ranges promoted the effective accumulation… More >

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Yu Zai^*, Shaohua Liu
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 225-236, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022576
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Bioactive Compounds-Chemotaxonomic Significance, Antioxidant Properties, Potential Application as Food Ingredients as well as Therapeutics, and the Analytical Technology in Their Efficient Discovery)
Abstract Kosteletzkya virginica (K. virginica) is used for revegetation of salt-affected coastal tidal flats and as a raw material of biodiesel. K. virginica root tuber, a biowaste with low economic value, is rich in bioactive compounds. This study aimed to extract and identify flavonoids from K. virginica root tubers. The optimal extraction conditions were 1/25 (w/v) solid/liquid ratio, 40% ethanol concentration at 40°C for 60 min. Under these conditions, 65.2 ± 3.7 mg/g total flavonoid content was extracted from the roots, which were collected from salinized soil in late autumn of the third year. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl… More >

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ARTICLE

Rui Song¹, Yan Huang², Xin Ji³, Yunfei Wei³, Qiuyuan Liu³, Shumei Li³, Juan Liu^3,*, Pengfei Dong^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 237-250, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023081
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Integrating Agronomy and Plant Physiology for Improving Crop Production)
Abstract Soil salinity greatly impairs plant growth and crop productivity. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a salt-sensitive crop. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in roots, the BGISEQ-500 sequencing platform was employed to elucidate transcriptome changes in rice roots after 0, 3, 24, and 72 h of salt stress. The results showed that root K+ content decreased and Na+ content increased rapidly after the initial stage of salt stress, but that fresh and dry weight in root did not significantly reduce. Compared to the control (no salt stress), 1,292, 453, and 486 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated,… More >

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Bowen Huang, Enyi Xie^*, Yu Ran, Xinyi Chen, Yongjian Huang, Jianjun Cui^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 251-269, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022672
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Role of Biostimulants in the Alleviation of Biotic and Abiotic Stress)
Abstract In aquaculture, high-density seaweed farming brings higher economic benefits but also increases outbreaks of diatom felt. The effective control of diatom felt in high-density seaweed farming has always been a research hotspot. This study selected two potential allelochemicals 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and quinic acid to explore their effects on a diatom Nitzschia closterium and an economic seaweed Monostroma nitidum. The results showed that 2-hydroxycinnamic acid had better inhibitory effects than quinic acid on the growth, pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency of N. closterium. Their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations at 120 h (IC_{50–120 h}) were 0.9000 and 1.278 mM, respectively. Additionally, these allelochemicals… More >

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Juan Liu^1,2,*, Meiqun Zheng¹, Xueshuang Chen¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 271-283, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023397
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)
Abstract Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) is a popular nut tree in China, but there is little information about the influences of fertilization on soil CO₂ efflux and soil microbial biomass. This study evaluated the short-term effects of different fertilizer applications on soil CO₂ efflux and soil microbial biomass in Chinese hickory stands. Four fertilizer treatments were established: control (CK, no fertilizer), inorganic fertilizer (IF), organic fertilizer (OF), and equal parts organic and inorganic N fertilizers (OIF). A field experiment was conducted to measure soil CO₂ effluxes using closed chamber and gas chromatography techniques. Regardless of the fertilization practices, soil CO₂… More >

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Kesheng Lin^1,2, Jiawen Zhou^1,2, Lijuan Han^1,2, Ning Li^1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 285-296, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023219
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Therapeutic Efficiency of Phyto-Molecules)
Abstract As a traditional herbal medicine, the major alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla have been proven to have blood pressure-lowering and sedative effects. It is essential to develop an effective method for the determination of the major alkaloids in U. rhynchophylla. In this research, a rapid quantitative analysis involving multi-components analysis by a single marker strategy coupled with core-shell column HPLC was adopted to analyse four alkaloids (corynoxeine, isocorynoxeine, isorhynchophylline, rhynchophylline) in U. rhynchophylla. Isorhynchophylline was selected as the internal reference substance, the content of which was determined by the traditional external standard method. Relative correction factors (RCF) between isorhynchophylline and the… More >

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Yajie Liu, Yunhui Zhou, Linlin Fang, Chunxue Yang^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 297-310, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023152
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant–Environment Interactions)
Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can form symbiosis with 90% of the vascular plants and play important roles in ecosystem. To realize the AM fungal colonization at different succession stages in saline-alkali land and screen AM fungi species with great functions, roots and soil samples were collected from the three succession stages of Songnen saline-alkali grassland. The soil properties and AM fungal colonization were measured, and the fungus distributed extensively in three stages was annotated by sequencing for AML1/AML2 target, subsequently, maize was selected as the host to verify its colonization. The results showed that the soil properties improved with the… More >

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