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Tongman Zhao^1,2,#, Yujie Fan^1,2,#, Yabing Cao^1,2, Xiaogai Zhao^1,2, Guoqiang Fan^1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2473-2488, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029469
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Identification of Genetic/Epigenetic Components Responding to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crops)
Abstract Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases (SERKs) are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways. This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia fortunei genome and analyzed their characteristics and expression profiles using bioinformatics methods. We identified 12 SERK genes with relatively conserved gene structures and motifs that were distributed unevenly on eight Paulownia chromosomes. The gene promoters contained various cis-acting elements that regulated the expression of the PfSERK genes in response to hormones and abiotic stresses. Synteny analysis indicated that 10 segmental duplication events had occurred during evolution of the PfSERK family. The expression… More >

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Abraham Lamboro^1,3,*, Songnan Yang¹, Xueying Li¹, Dan Yao², Jun Zhang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2489-2501, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029492
Abstract The effect of beta-lactam antibiotics on shoot induction and plantlet regeneration from cotyledonary nodes was tested using two peanut cultivars. The culture media contained 4 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) as the main growth regulator. Various concentrations (100–600 mg/L) of cefotaxime, carbenicillin, and timentin were applied in the culture media. In all the tested media, there were no significant differences in the shoot induction as compared to the control. However, little phytotoxic effect was observed at higher concentrations of these antibiotics in the shoot elongation media. Under shoot elongation medium, shoots turned brownish and partly died at higher concentrations where shooting rates… More >

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José Adrian Perez-Robles, Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán^*, Víctor Manuel Ruíz-Valdiviezo, Joaquín Adolfo Montes-Molina^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2503-2518, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029784
Abstract The objective to this work was to evaluate the enzymatic activity in the culture of Solanum lycopersicum L. infected with Fusarium oxysporum after the combined application of Beauveria bassiana and plant extracts. Solanum lycopersicum plantlets were transplanted 15 days after the emergency. Five days after transplanting, Beauveria bassiana spores were applied at a concentration of 1 × 10⁷ spores mL⁻¹ onto soil (along with A. indica (N) and P. auritum (H) leaf extracts) where S. lycopersicum plants were planted. Eight days after transplanting, spores of F. oxysporum strain were applied at a concentration of 1 × 10⁶ spores mL⁻¹ to… More >

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Volkan Kaya¹, İsmail Akgül¹, Özge Zencir Tanır^2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2519-2534, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029811
Abstract Classification and monitoring of microalgae species in aquatic ecosystems are important for understanding population dynamics. However, manual classification of algae is a time-consuming method and requires a lot of effort with expertise due to the large number of families and genera in its classification. The recognition of microalgae species has become an increasingly important research area in image recognition in recent years. In this study, machine learning and deep learning methods were proposed to classify images of 12 different microalgae species in order to successfully classify algae cells. 8 Different novel models (MobileNetV3Small-Lr, MobileNetV3SmallRf, MobileNetV3Small-Xg, MobileNetV3Large-Lr, MobileNetV3Large-Rf, MobileNetV3Large-Xg, MobileNetV3Small-Improved and… More >

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369

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Genhai Hu^1,*, Maoni Chao¹, Xiuren Zhou², Yuanzhi Fu²
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2535-2554, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.030163
Abstract Gossypium hirsutum L. is an important cash crop native to the subtropics and is widely cultivated around the world. Low temperature is an important stress that seriously affects seed germination and emergence during planting. In this study, transcriptomic profiles of low-temperature- and normal-temperature-germinated seeds of Xinluzao 25, a variety with low-temperature tolerance and high germination rates, were analyzed and compared. The following results were obtained. (1) A total of 81.06 Gb of clean data were obtained after transcriptome sequencing and assembly, and 76,931 non-redundant Unigene sequences were obtained after data consolidation and concatenation; of these, 69,883 Unigene sequences were annotated.… More >

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Jing Yang, Tianxiunan Pu, Ke Wan, Linqi Wang, Yuanshuai Shi, Xu Luo, Jie Tan, Dongmei Wang, Yang Liu^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2555-2576, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.030301
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Identification of Genetic/Epigenetic Components Responding to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crops)
Abstract Drought has severely affected the yield and quality of commercial crops. The BRI1 family plays an important role in plant response to drought stress, and BRL3 gene plays an important role in the study of drought in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, NtBRL3 was constructed as a vector and genetically transformed to obtain ‘N. Tobacco K326’ overexpression of NtBRL3. The enzyme activities of transgenic tobacco and wild-type tobacco were measured and transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed. The results showed that the antioxidant enzymes of transgenic tobacco were more active under drought conditions, and 85 significantly differentially metabolites and 106… More >

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Xiao Han, Songnan Yang, Xueying Li, Qiulin Wu, Yongyi Xing, Jun Zhang^*, Fenglou Ling^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2577-2589, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029440
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Integrating Agronomy and Plant Physiology for Improving Crop Production)
Abstract Peanut, with high oil content, has been a major oil and food crop globally. The compositions of the fatty acids are the common factors in determining the oil quality. In the present study, an F2 segregated population with 140 individuals derived from the cross of Weihua8 (a cultivar) and 12L49 (a line with high oleic acid concentration) was used to construct a genetic map and conduct QTL mapping analysis. A total of 103 polymorphic SSR primers were utilized for genotyping the RILs and finally generating the SSR loci. Within the 103 SSR loci, a genetic linkage map, covering a total… More >

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Jie Zhang¹, Yingwei Zhao², Hongying Li³, Jianwei Ni^4,*, Dongmei Wang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2591-2610, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.028338
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Development of New Sensing Technology in Sustainable Farming and Smart Environmental Monitoring)
Abstract Paper mulberry is a high-quality woody feed resource plant with high crude protein content. It is widely distributed in China and has excellent characteristics of salt and alkali tolerance. Paper mulberry has ecological and economic importance. Salt stress has become a critical factor with the increasing degree of soil salinity that restricts plant growth. In the saline-alkali environments, transcriptome expression is altered leading to phenotypic defects in most plants. However, the regulatory mechanism related to paper mulberry’s salt-stress (SS) response is not clearly understood. In the present study de novo transcriptomic assembly was performed, and gene expression levels were measured… More >

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Chen Su, Jie Hong, Jiang Wang, Yang Yang^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2611-2632, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029457
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Development of New Sensing Technology in Sustainable Farming and Smart Environmental Monitoring)
Abstract The statistics of the number of rapeseed seedlings are very important for breeders and planters to conduct seed quality testing, field crop management and yield estimation. Calculating the number of seedlings is inefficient and cumbersome in the traditional method. In this study, a method was proposed for efficient detection and calculation of rapeseed seedling number based on improved you only look once version 5 (YOLOv5) to identify objects and deep-sort to perform object tracking for rapeseed seedling video. Coordinated attention (CA) mechanism was added to the trunk of the improved YOLOv5s, which made the model more effective in identifying shaded,… More >

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279

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Ting Cui, Xianfeng Zhou^*, Yufeng Huang, Yanting Guo, Yunrui Lin, Leyi Song, Jingcheng Zhang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2633-2648, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029259
Abstract Accurate assessment of canopy carotenoid content (CC_x+cC) in crops is central to monitor physiological conditions in plants and vegetation stress, and consequently supporting agronomic decisions. However, due to the overlap of absorption peaks of carotenoid (C_x+c) and chlorophyll (C_a), accurate estimation of carotenoid using reflectance where carotenoid absorb is challenging. The objective of present study was to assess CC_x+cC in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with ground- and aircraft-based hyperspectral measurements in the visible and near-infrared spectrum. In-situ hyperspectral reflectance were measured and airborne hyperspectral data were acquired during major growth stages of winter wheat in five consecutive field experiments.… More >

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Jing Yang^1,2, Yufeng Wang², Zhanghua Hu³, Xiaoping Chen⁴, Yanjun Dong^5,*, Sheng Teng^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2649-2663, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.030710
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: High-Yield Rice Physiology & Genetics)
Abstract Improvement of photosynthetic efficiency is a major approach to increase crop yield potential. Previously, we cloned a gene encoding the chloroplast-located putative monooxygenase TCD5, which is essential in plastid development under low temperature in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, the effects of TCD5 on the photosynthesis and the yields were investigated in rice. Two sets of genetic materials with three levels of TCD5 expression, including tcd5 mutant or TCD5 RNAi transgenic lines and TCD5 over-expression transgenic lines in Jiahua1 and Nipponbare backgrounds, were used in the field trails of multi-locations and multi-years. TCD5 positively affected the panicle number… More >

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Yiwei Cao, Delight Hwarari, Yasmina Radani, Yuanlin Guan, Liming Yang^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2665-2683, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.024929
Abstract Low temperature stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth and geographical distribution. In order to adapt to low temperature, plants have evolved strategies to acquire cold tolerance, known as, cold acclimation. Current molecular and genomic studies have reported that annual herbaceous and perennial woody plants share similar cold acclimation mechanisms. However, woody perennials also require extra resilience to survive cold winters. Thus, trees have acquired complex dynamic processes to control the development of dormancy and cold resistance, ensuring successful tolerance during the coldest winter season. In this review, we systemically described how woody plants perceive and… More >

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Xiaolan Guo^1,2, Jinbin Hu³, Shimei Yang⁴, Delu Wang^2,*, Jianbing Wang¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2683-2697, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029820
Abstract The F3′5′H gene family plays an important role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, abiotic stress, and hormone signaling. In this study, 14 F3′5′H genes were identified from the blueberry genome. The chromosomal distribution, physicochemical properties, F3′5′H domain, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, and intron/exon compositions were analyzed. The functional prediction analysis of these VcF3′5′Hs indicated that their biological functions included light response and other secondary metabolites. The results of qRT-PCR showed that VcF3′5′Hs (especially VcF3′5′H4) were highly expressed at the ripening stage. Subcellular localization revealed that VcF3′5′H4 may be located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Co-expression analysis showed that the VcF3′5′H gene family… More >

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Sang-Mo Kang^1,#, Shifa Shaffique^1,#, Muhammad Imran^2,#, Su-Mi Jeon³, Shabir Hussain Wani⁵, Muhammad Aaqil Khan⁴, Peter Odongkara¹, Eun-Hae Kwon¹, Yosep Kang¹, Joon-Ik Son⁶, Won-Chan Kim^1,*, In-Jung Lee^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2699-2711, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.028224
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Comprehensive Effects of Biochar or other Additives after Applied to Agricultural and Forest Soils)
Abstract Food waste is recognized as a valuable source for potential agricultural applications to supply organic matter and nutrients to arable soil. However, the information on the combined application of food waste and the plant growth-promoting bacterial strain, Chlorella, related to plant metabolic features and sodium chloride content in arable soil is limited. The present study was conducted to investigate the exogenous application of food waste along with Chlorella, which improved the physio-morphological features of red pepper. Our results revealed that this combination enhanced the organic matter in the soil, ultimately improving the fertility rate of the soil, and the physio-morphological… More >

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REVIEW

Mojtaba Kordrostami¹, Ali Akbar Ghasemi-Soloklui¹, Mohammad Anwar Hossain^2,*, Mohammad Golam Mostofa^3,4,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.9, pp. 2713-2736, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.030372
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Selenium, Silicon and their Nanoparticles-mediated Environmental Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants)
Abstract Numerous plant species, particularly those that can accumulate selenium (Se) and silicon (Si), benefit from these essential micronutrients. Se and Si accumulation in plants profoundly affects several biochemical reactions in cells. Understanding how plants react to Se/Si enrichment is crucial for ensuring adequate dietary Se/Si intake for humans and animals and increasing plant tolerance to environmental stressors. Several studies have shown that Se/Si-enriched plants are more resistant to salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, UV radiation, and excess metalloids. The interplay between Se/Si in plants is crucial for maintaining growth and development under normal conditions while providing a critical defense mechanism against… More >

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