Open Access
REVIEW
Priyanka Jha1, Swati Chahal2,3, Devendra Kumar Pandey2,3, Joginder Singh4, Ram Prasad5,*, Vijay Kumar2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 779-794, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09421
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Secondary Metabolites: Recent Advances and Opportunities)
Abstract The use of medicinal plants for different therapeutic values is well
documented in African continent. African diverse biodiversity hotspots provide
a wide range of endemic species, which ensures a potential medicinal value.
The feasible conservation approach and sustainable harvesting for the medicinal
species remains a huge challenge. However, conservation approach through different biotechnological tools such as micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis,
synthetic seed production, hairy root culture, molecular markers based study
and cryopreservation of endemic African medicinal species is much crucial. In
this review, an attempt has been made to provide different in vitro biotechnological approaches for the conservation of African medicinal… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Jaswinder Kaur1, Manish Vyas2, Joginder Singh1, Ram Prasad3,*, Jeena Gupta1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 795-803, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09420
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Secondary Metabolites: Recent Advances and Opportunities)
Abstract In recent years, there has been an increase in epidemiological studies to
highlight the health benefits of plant secondary metabolites. Flavonoids (polyphenolic plant secondary metabolites) are recently emerging as an important source
for the discovery of new drugs increasing their pharmaceuticals, nutraceutical
and medicinal applications. Naringenin is a flavanone, enriched in citrus fruits,
tomatoes, bergamot, etc. which has been evaluated extensively for managing
diabetes. However, in addition to this, naringenin had been ascribed to various important biological activities like antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory,
antiestrogenic, etc. This article aims at highlighting the therapeutic value of
naringenin in managing disorders other than… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Hanna Amoanimaa-Dede, Chuntao Su, Akwasi Yeboah, Chunhua Chen, Shaoxia Yang, Hongbo Zhu*, Miao Chen*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 805-833, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011979
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Secondary Metabolites: Recent Advances and Opportunities)
Abstract Sweet potato is a multifunctional root crop and a source of food with
many essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Variations in the flesh color
of the diverse sweet potato varieties are attributed to the different phytochemicals
and natural pigments they produce. Among them, carotenoids and anthocyanins
are the main pigments known for their antioxidant properties which provide a host
of health benefits, hence, regarded as a major component of the human diet. In
this review, we provide an overview of the major pigments in sweet potato with
much emphasis on their biosynthesis, functions, and regulatory control. Moreover, current findings on… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
José Gregorio Joya-Dávila, F. A. Gutiérrez-Miceli*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 835-850, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013679
Abstract Ethyl methanesulfonate is a chemical mutagen, which is currently being
used in plant breeding, to increase genetic variability in genes of agronomic interest, of species useful in agriculture. It primarily causes single base point mutations
by inducing guanine alkylation, resulting in GC to AT transitions. Its effect is different between clones of a genotype and between genotypes of the same species.
This review presents the results obtained in recent research, where its effect on
plant tissues, callus, and cells in suspension has been evaluated. Changes in the
phenotypic expression of somaclonal variants were reported, involving morphology, production of secondary metabolites,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Huiyun Li, Ye Liu, Sumei Chen, Jiafu Jiang, Aiping Song, Weimin Fang, Fadi Chen*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 851-859, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.012361
Abstract Black spot disease, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria
tenuissima (Fr.) Wiltsh (A. tenuissima), is considered a highly destructive disease
of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.). A set of 17 accessions
of commercial chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated for resistance to A.
tenuissima by seedling artificial inoculation. It was found that the reaction of
the accessions to artificial inoculation ranged from resistant to highly susceptible.
Five varieties of chrysanthemum (‘Zhongshan Taogui’, ‘Jinba’, ‘Zhongshan Jinguan’, ‘Jinling Wanhuang’ and ‘Jinling Yangguang’) were resistant; two varieties
of chrysanthemum (‘Zhongshan Xinggui’ and ‘Zhongshan Jinkui’) were moderately resistant; and others were susceptible to various degrees, four varieties… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sen Wang1, Fei Zheng1, Meijing Zhang1, Jun Tu2, Yanping Chen1,3, Jianhua Yuan1,3, Qingchang Meng1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 861-871, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011762
Abstract Endosperm mutants are critical to the studies on both starch synthesis
and metabolism and genetic improvement of starch quality in maize. In the present study, a novel maize endosperm mutant A0178 of natural variation was used
as the experimental material and identified and then characterized. Through phenotypic identification, genetic analysis, main ingredients measurement and
embryo rescue, development of genetic mapping population from A0178, the
endosperm mutant gene was located. The results showed that the mutant exhibited
extremely low germination ability as attributed to the inhibited embryo development, and amounts of sugars were accumulated in the mutant seeds and more
sugars… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Liangliang Yu*, Wenjun Zhou, Danping Zhang, Junhui Yan, Li Luo
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 873-881, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011882
Abstract Phytosulfokine-α (PSK-α), a sulfated pentapeptide with the sequence
YIYTQ, is encoded by a small precursor gene family in Arabidopsis. PSK-α regulates multiple growth and developmental processes as a novel peptide hormone.
Despite its importance, functions of PSK-α in M. truncatula growth remains
unknown. In this study, we identified five genes to encode PSK-α precursors in
M. truncatula. All of these precursors possess conserved PSK-α signature motif.
Expression pattern analysis of these MtPSK genes revealed that each gene was
expressed in a tissue-specific or ubiquitous pattern and three of them were remarkably expressed in root. Treatment of M. truncatula seedlings with… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jiali Wei*, Ying Zou, Ping Li, Xiaojun Yuan
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 883-891, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010973
Abstract TiO2 nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) are widely used in the world, and a
considerable amount of nano-TiO2 is released into the environment, with toxic
effects on organisms. In the various species of higher plants, growth, including
seed germination, root elongation, and biomass accumulation, is affected by
nano-TiO2. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, we observed that nano-TiO2 promoted root elongation in a
dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that nano-TiO2 elevated auxin
accumulation in the root tips of the auxin marker lines DII-VENUS and DR5::
GUS, and, correspondingly, quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that
nano-TiO2 increased the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zi Yang, Shixian Fan, Xuehan Wei, Zhiming Zhang, Xin Gui*, Yong Zhao*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 893-903, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013644
Abstract Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) are likely to have dramatic
impacts on plant performances, yet the effects of CeO2NPs on seed germination
and seedling growth have not been fully explored. In this study, the seed germination and seedling growth of subshrub species Vitex negundo under different
concentrations of CeO2NPs (low-1 mg/L, medium-100 mg/L, high-500 mg/L)
have been discussed. Results showed that: (1) The seed germination rate reduces
by 11.25% and 2.5% under the low and medium concentrations of CeO2NPs,
respectively, but increased by 7.08% under the high concentration; (2) CeO2NPs
had significant effects on the growth traits (root length, shoot height… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Murad Awad1, Photini V. Mylona2, Alexios N. Polidoros1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 905-923, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011235
Abstract Discrimination among grapevine varieties based on quantitative traits,
such as flowering, veraison and ripening dates is crucial for variety selection in
the context of climate change and in breeding programs. These traits are under
complex genetic control for which 6 linked SSR loci (VVS2, VVIn16, VMC7G3,
VrZAG29, VMC5G7, and VVIB23) have been identified. Using these markers in
HRM-PCR analysis, we assessed genetic diversity among a large collection of
192 grapevine varieties. The grapevine germplasm used encompasses the majority
of Greek vineyard with 181 varieties, 3 prominent foreign varieties and 11 varieties of Palestinian origin. The SSR markers used were highly… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Meiling Tang1,2,#, Yuhe Li1,3,#, Yahui Chen1,4, Lei Han1,3, Hongxia Zhang1,3, Zhizhong Song1,3,4,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 925-941, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011184
Abstract As the preferred nitrogen (N) source, ammonium (NH4+
) contributes to
plant growth and development and fruit quality. In plants, NH4+ uptake is facilitated by a family of NH4+ transporters (AMT). However, the molecular mechanisms and functional characteristics of the AMT genes in peach have not been
mentioned yet. In this present study, excess NH4+ stress severely hindered shoot
growth and root elongation, accompanied with reduced mineral accumulation,
decreased leaf chlorophyll concentration, and stunned photosynthetic performance. In addition, we identified 14 putative AMT genes in peach (PpeAMT).
Expression analysis showed that PpeAMT genes were differently expressed in
peach leaves, stems… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Dazhuang Qi1,2,4,#, Meixia Liang1,2,4,#, Fudong Jiang3, Jianzhao Li1,2,4, Xuqiang Qiao1,2,4,*, Hongxia Zhang1,2,4,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 943-955, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013801
Abstract Manganese (Mn) is one of the essential microelements in all organisms.
However, high level of Mn is deleterious to plants. In this study, the effects of exogenous manganese application on mineral element, polyamine (PA) and antioxidant
accumulation, as well as polyamine metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities,
were investigated in Malus robusta Rehd., a widely grown apple rootstock. High
level of Mn treatments decreased endogenous Mg, Na, K and Ca contents, but
increased Zn content, in a Mn-concentration-dependent manner. Polyamine metabolic assays revealed that, except the content of perchloric acid insoluble bound
(PIS-bound) spermine, which increased significantly, the contents of putrescine… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yingting Zhang1,2,3, Junjie Yang1,2,3, Zhenhao Guo1,2,3, Jiaxing Mo1,2,3, Jiebing Cui1,2,3, Hailiang Hu1,2,3, Jin Xu1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 957-986, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011211
Abstract Cryptomeria fortunei (Chinese cedar) is a highly adaptable woody species and one of the main forest plantation trees in subtropical high-altitude areas in
China. However, there are few studies on its chloroplast (cp) genome. In this
study, the complete cp genome of C. fortunei was sequenced and evaluated via
comparative analyses with those of related species (formerly the Taxodiaceae)
in Cupressaceae. The C. fortunei cp genome was 131,580 bp in length, and the
GC content of the whole genome was 35.38%. It lost one relevant large inverted
repeat and contained 114 unique genes, including 82 protein-coding genes, 28
tRNAs and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Longhua Zhou1,2,#, Ting He1,2,#, Guimei Guo1,2, Jing Li1,2, Ruiju Lu1,2, Yingbo Li1,2,*, Chenghong Liu1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 987-997, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011728
Abstract Barley grain is a valuable source of β-glucan, which is an important
component of dietary fiber with significant human health benefits. Although the
genetic basis of β-glucan biosynthesis has been widely studied, a genome-wide
association study (GWAS) is still required for a scan of the candidate genes
related to the complex quantitative trait based on the high-quality barley reference
genome. In this study, a GWAS was conducted using a population composed of
87 barley landraces (39 hulled and 48 hulless, β-glucan from 2.07% to 6.56%)
with 191,098 nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers to cover the chromosomes with the highest density. The… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Arnab Kumar De, Arijit Ghosh, Debabrata Dolui, Indraneel Saha, Malay Kumar Adak*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 999-1017, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010828
Abstract In the present experiment with ongoing concentration (0 µM, 100 µM,
250 µM, 500 µM and 1000 µM) of 2,4-D, the responses of Azolla pinnata R.Br.
was evaluated based on cellular functions. Initially, plants were significantly tolerated
up to 1000 µM of 2,4-D with its survival. This was accompanied by a steady decline
of indole acetic acid (IAA) concentration in tissues with 78.8% over the control.
Membrane bound H+
-ATPase activity was over expressed within a range of 1.14
to 1.25 folds with activator (KCl) and decreased within a range of 57.3 to 74.6%
in response to inhibitor (Vanadate) application.… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hyewon Kim1, Chanwoo Park2, Jong Hwan Lim2, Hye Woo Shin3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1019-1033, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010649
Abstract Flowering onset has attracted much attention in ecological research as an
important indicator of climate change. Generally, warmer temperatures advance
flowering onset. The effect of climate warming on flowering onset is more pronounced in spring because the difference between atmospheric and water temperatures creates more rapid convection than in other seasons. We analyzed the
correlation between 73 species of spring woody plants in Hongneung Arboretum
in Seoul, South Korea and the spring minimum temperature and average precipitation over the past 50 years (1968–2018). The spring minimum temperature and
average precipitation have increased over the past 50 years, resulting in the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Lei Chu1,2, Yu Zhang1,2, Long Qian1,2, Dandan Zhu1,2, Haijun Sun1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1035-1042, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.014506
Abstract Biochar may affect the root morphology and nitrogen (N) use efficiency
(NUE) of rice at seedling stage, which has not been clearly verified until now. To
clarify it, we conducted a pot experiment regarding to two soil types (Hydragric
Anthrosol and Haplic Acrisol), two biochar application rates (0.5 wt% and 1.5 wt
%) and two rice varieties (common rice var. Xiushui134 and hybrid super rice var.
Zhongkejiayou12-6) meanwhile. Seedling NUE of common rice Xiuhui134 was
significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 78.2% in Hydragric Anthrosol and by
91.4% in Haplic Acrisol following biochar addition with 1.5 wt%. However, biochar addition… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jiana Chen1, Ruichun Zhang2, Fangbo Cao1, Xiaohong Yin1,3, Tianfeng Liang3, Min Huang1,*, Yingbin Zou1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1043-1057, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011361
Abstract Double-season rice cropping systems occupy a large portion of the rice
production area in southern China. Because the problem of insufficient labor,
mechanical transplanting (in contrast to the manual transplanting) was become
more attractive in double-season rice system. However, the decisive yield factors
which resulting in high grain yield of early-season rice are unclear under mechanical-transplanted conditions. In present study, the field experiments were conducted in the early season in 2017 and repeated in 2018 in Santang Town,
Hunan Province, China. Ten early season rice cultivars (Zhuliangyou 819, Lingliangyou 268, Lingliangyou 104, Luliangyou 996, Xiangzaoxian 24, Xiangzaoxian 32, Xiangzaoxian 45,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdulrahman Alasmari*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1059-1081, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010952
Abstract In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), thousands of plants are considered to have therapeutic value. The ambiguous use of identification mainly
morphological characteristics of many plants has resulted in the adulteration
and displacement of plant products which undermine their therapeutic value
and weak documentation of plant resources. The aims of this study were therefore
to evaluate genetic variability and explore the phylogeographic architecture for
Saudi medicinal plant samples using rbcL and matK genes as barcodes for genomic identification. The matK and rbcL sequences collected for these samples were
used as key markers for examining the relationship between Saudi medicinal… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Feng Liu1,2,3, Zilan Ma1,2,3, Marcos A. Caraballo-Ortiz4, Hui Zhang5, Xu Su1,2,3, Yuping Liu1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1083-1090, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011239
Abstract Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae) is an abundant
parasitic herb mainly found in the Xiaopohu wetland of the Qinghai Lake Basin in
Northwestern China. The species has an important local medicinal value, and in
this study, we evaluated the chemical profile of its stems, leaves and seeds using
mass spectrometry. Dried samples of stems, leaves and seeds were grinded,
weighted, and used for a series of extractions with an ultrasonic device at room
temperature. The chemical profiles for each tissue were determined using Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Twenty-seven amino acids and organic acids were
identified… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Emine Aslan, Dogan Arslan*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1091-1099, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010835
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Secondary Metabolites: Recent Advances and Opportunities)
Abstract The present study was conducted to determine the total hypericin contents of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. and Hypericum scabrum L. species
which are naturally distributed in the flora of Siirt province, Turkey. Hypericin
contents of Hypericum species grown in different geographical aspects (North,
South, East, and West), and it was measured at different harvest times (full blooming and post blooming period). In the current study, it has been determined that
total hypericin content varies considerably according to aspects, plant developmental stages (ontogenetic variance), and species. According to species x aspect
interaction, the highest total hypericin content was recorded from the west… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Guiming Deng1,2,3, Ou Sheng1,2,3, Fangcheng Bi1,2,3, Chunyu Li1,2,3, Tongxin Dou1,2,3, Tao Dong1,2,3, Qiaosong Yang1,2,3, Huijun Gao1,2,3, Jing Liu4, Xiaohong Zhong4, Miao Peng4, Ganjun Yi1,2,3, Weidi He1,2,3, Chunhua Hu1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1101-1130, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010970
Abstract Banana (Musa spp.) is an ancient and popular fruit plant with highly
nutritious fruit. The pseudo-stem of banana represents on average 75% of the total
dry mass but its valorization as a nutritional and industrial by-product is limited.
Recent advances in metabolomics have paved the way to understand and evaluate
the presence of diverse sets of metabolites in different plant parts. This study
aimed at exploring the diversity of primary and secondary metabolites in the
banana pseudo-stem. Hereby, we identified and quantified 373 metabolites from
a diverse range of classes including, alkaloids, flavonoids, lipids, phenolic acids,
amino acids and its… More >
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