Open Access
ARTICLE
Herrera-Parra E1,2, J Ramos-Zapata1, J Cristóbal-Alejo3, J Tun-Suarez3, A Reyes-Ramírez3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 7-13, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.007
Abstract The root knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. is an important
endoparasite limiting the cultivation of horticultural species
and affecting the plants of at least 3000 species, including grasses,
vegetables, ornamentals, fruit and forest. The aim of this study was
to estimate the potential of three species of Trichoderma as antagonists
of M. incognita in plants of Capsicum chinense under greenhouse
conditions. A bioassay was established with plants of C. chinense previously
inoculated with Trichoderma spp. and transplanted to pots
with sterile substrate; the plants were subsequently inoculated with
300 infective second-stage larvae (J2) and 1000 larvae eggs of M.
incognita. A… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Barresi O1,2, VM Chiocchio1,2, RS Lavado2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 14-17, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.014
Abstract Previous studies in soils of the Pampas region indicate
the prevalence of calcium phosphates within the very complex mix
of phosphorus (P) compounds in the soils. We studied the changes
in P fractions in a punctual situation in the Pampas region. The sampling
was carried out in a farm located near the city of Junín (-34.585;
-60.9589) and the soil was Junín series Typic Hapludoll. The farm
was devoted to grazing and sporadic crops, but from the last 30 years
changed to continuous agriculture. At no time fertilization matched
nutrients removal by crops. The soil P fractions were determined using… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Díaz-López E1, A Morales-Ruíz1, A Olivar-Hernández1, HR Bravo-Delgado2, JM Loeza-Corte3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 18-24, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.018
Abstract Sunflower is a crop that is used as ornamental, oleaginous,
forage, and currently as a bioremediation plant, of hard water
affected soils. For this reason, the main objective of this investigation
was to study the effect of potassium fertilization on yield under field
conditions, and the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3), at postharvest
of inflorescences. Two experiments were established, under field and
laboratory conditions. In the field experiment, four levels of potassium,
0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha were evaluated, under a randomized
complete block design and four replicates (4×4) = 16 experimental
units. The variables evaluated were agronomic and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zafar-ul-Hye M1, A Nasir1, M Aon1, S Hussain1, M Ahmad2, I Naz1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 25-31, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.025
Abstract Abiotic stresses like salt stress and soil compaction are
responsible for increased ethylene production which may adversely
affect crop growth. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate
the response of seed inoculation with ACC-deaminase containing
rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas syringae) in
the presence of recommended or half of a recommended rate of inorganic
fertilizers at different growth stages of fodder maize in a
compacted saline-sodic soil. At both fertilizer rates, seed inoculation
with P. fluorescens and P. syringae significantly improved all growth
parameters over the control treatment. After 30, 60 and 75 days of
sowing, treatment with recommended NPK… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jianar A, JH Yuan, YF Yang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 32-39, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.032
Abstract Ulmus macrocarpa Hance can form monodominant
woodlands in the semiarid Keerqin sandy lands, China. Methods of
sampling at meter intervals from the bases of trees at the woodland
edges and isolated trees, respectively, were employed along vertical
sections in different directions. Using statistical methods based on
the density function of the Weibull distribution, the patterns of seed
dispersal and the spatial expansion response of U. macrocarpa, which
is a typical anemochorous plant, were analyzed. Although as an effect
of the wind direction varying owing to the monsoon, there were differences
in the degree of dispersal of seeds in terms of… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Li QK1, J Tang2, T Wang3, D Wu2, CA Busso4, RF Jiao2, XJ Ren2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 40-50, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.040
Abstract Fresh water is a valuable nonrenewable resource and
plays an important role in maintaining economic and social development.
Considering its large population and consumption potential,
water resource deficits will certainly not allow a sustainable development
of basic industries in China in the near future. Application
of sewage irrigation, to some extent, was regarded as an alternative
way to solve the problem of agricultural water shortage in some areas
(such as North China). However, accompanied with an extensive
implementation of sewage irrigation, some problems with sewage
irrigation became gradually obvious in agriculture, especially those
related with pollution and destruction of farmlands.… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ithurrart LS1,2, CA Busso1,2, YA Torres1,3, DV Peláez1,2,3, H Giorgetti4, G Rodríguez4, ML Ambrosino2,5
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 51-59, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.051
Abstract Plant competition for soil resources is common in
semiarid rangelands. Plants have various, alternative mechanisms to
deal with soil resource acquisition. They include (1) length, weight
and proliferation of roots, (2) root length density, and (3) root colonization
by arbuscular mycorrhiza. In rangelands of Argentina, plants
are exposed to herbivory after natural fires. As a result, knowledge
on how these disturbances impact root traits is important for outlining
guidelines focused on rangeland management and improvement.
Our aim was to analyze the effects of defoliation after a controlled
burning on root traits (1) to (3) on two preferred (Poa ligularis and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Gálvez Muñoz YA1, E Martínez Moreno2, S Ramírez Vera2, L Latournerie Moreno3, JM Lesher Gordillo1, G Castañón Nájera1*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 60-67, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.060
Abstract The research was conducted with the aim to identify
the variability in situ of wild and semi-wild morphotypes of Capsicum
spp. that were found growing in different places of Tabasco
and the north of Chiapas States. Morphotypes included “Amashito”
(five types), “Pico de paloma” (two types), “Garbanzo”, “Ojo de sapo”,
“Ojo de cangrejo”, “Colmillo de lagarto” and “Corazón de pollo”.
Such characterization is important because there is an extensive variability
of forms cultivated in the country, resulting from a wide range
of agroecological diversity as well as diverse forms, colours, flavors
and sizes that constitute a valuable collection of genes… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chel-Guerrero LD1, R Gómez-Cansino2, SL Gúzman-Gutierrez3, MG Campos-Lara4, E Saury-Duch1, F Díaz de León Sánchez5, R Reyes-Chilpa6, JA Mendoza-Espinoza7
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 68-71, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.068
Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate extracts
from the peels of Annona squamosa L. (purple sugar apple), Annona
reticulata L. (custard apple), Chrysophyllum cainito L. (green
star apple), and Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. (mamoncillo), as potential
sources of anti-HIV-1 agents. Methanolic extracts from the peels
of the aforementioned tropical fruits were obtained by maceration.
Antiviral activity was evaluated through HIV-1 RT inhibition by
extracts, using a non-radioactive immuno/colorimetric assay (Lenti
RT Activity Assay, Cavidi Tech). Assay was performed according to
the protocol provided by the manufacturer. Extracts from the peels
of A. squamosa, A. reticulata, and C. cainito showed… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Villa-Hernández JM1, B García-Ocón2, E del C Sierra-Palacios2, C Pelayo-Zaldivar3, F Díaz de León-Sánchez1, LJ Pérez-Flores1, JA Mendoza-Espinoza2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 72-78, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.072
Abstract Mexico bears witness to a long-standing tradition in
the use of plants for medicinal purposes; nevertheless, standardized
methodological approaches for the proper identification of these are
still needed. The problem is especially noticeable during the validation
of ingredients in herbal preparations, as so many of them are sold as
powders. It is for these reasons that the present study aims to compare
the results of classic taxonomical assessments with those obtained
using more modern molecular techniques (e.g. PCR-amplified 18S
ribosomal RNA gene analysis) in one ethnobotanical case-study carried
out in the “Desierto de los Leones” National Park in Mexico City,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Rodrigues Costa A1,2, PS Pereira3, MK Alves de Sousa1,2, FC Rodrigues5, VR Duarte Mendes1, KR Rodrigues Lima1, L Marivando Barros1,4, CM Rocha Sousa1, MS Alcântara1, AB Leite Cavalcante4, R Cruz Macedo5, JP Kamdem3, AE Duarte1,2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 79-86, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.079
Abstract The species Rhaphiodon echinus, known as betonica or
creeping mint, is considered an infesting plant species, typical of the
caatinga biome. Morphoanatomy is a very important tool to study the
structure of plants, both its external and internal morphology, opening
the knowledge about the production of secondary metabolites. These
compounds are of great importance for scientific research, which may
present themselves as the best antioxidants. Taking into account a lack
of data in the literature on the essential oil of R. echinus, this study
aimed to demonstrate its antioxidant activity and toxicity. In order
to test this hypothesis, tests were… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
García-Zambrano EA1, MC Ojeda-Zacarías1, JG Gutiérrez-Soto1, SR Sinagawa-García1, A Gutiérrez-Díez1, J Martínez-de la Cerda1, JA Pedroza-Flores1, C Gallegos-Vázquez2, JI García-Zambrano3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 87-93, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.087
Abstract The technologies based on molecular markers of DNA
are the most advanced and possibly the most effective and accurate
means to identify genetic variation. The objective of this study was
to use molecular genetic markers namely AFLP as a tool for the
molecular differentiation of 36 accessions of xoconostle collected in
the Centro Regional Universitario Centro Norte of the Universidad
Autónoma de Chapingo (CRUCEN-UACh.). DNA extraction
was performed by the method of cellular ruptor using FastDNA®
Kit, and quantification of purity and yield of DNA was carried out
through the Nanodrop 2000. It was observed that the DNA concentrations
ranged… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jimarez-Montiel MJ1, A Robledo-Paz1, VM Ordaz-Chaparro2, LI Trejo-Tellez2, JC Molina-Moreno1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 94-104, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.094
Abstract An alternative method for improving the production of habanero chili is the tissue culture technique; however, the gelling agent, the high salt and sucrose concentrations used in the culture media raise production costs and limit the adaptation of the regenerated plants to greenhouse or field conditions. In this study, the effect of the substrates perlite-coconut fiber, coconut fiber-volcanic rock, vermiculite-perlite, and perlite-volcanic rock in conjunction with various culture media in in vitro plant regeneration from embryos was evaluated. The differentiation of adventitious shoots on substrates was scarcely observed or non-existent. Inducing the formation of shoots on agar and their development… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Espinoza-Sánchez EA1, YA Sánchez-Peña2, JA Torres-Castillo3, EA García-Zambrano2, JE Treviño Ramírez2, F Zavala-García2, SR Sinagawa-García2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 105-112, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.105
Abstract In this study, we established an in vitro regeneration
system from immature embryos of four varieties of Sweet Sorghum
with biotechnological potential. A total of 17 treatments were assesses
in the induction of somatic embryogenic calli. We analyzed
the effect of Murashige y Skoog media supplemented with different
concentrations of plant growth regulators such as auxins and cytokinins.
The callus induction response was evaluated using three immature
embryos development stages and based on the number of
embryos with callus induction. Different responses were observed
in the embryos depending of the embryo age, culture condition,
media composition and variety. The results… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Han DY1,2, YF Yang2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 113-122, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.113
Abstract Rapid and precise assessment of biodiversity is a central
issue in conservation biology and biodiversity science. Higher taxonomic
units and life form-based morphospecies were utilised to assess
plant diversity patterns at the habitat scale in temperate meadow
steppe, Songnen Plain, China. Patch area, taxonomic composition
(families and genera) and life form (based on Raunkiaer’s life forms,
and stem and root growth forms) were recorded in five communities.
Taxonomic unit-based hierarchical diversity indices (HDI) and life
form-based hierarchical diversity indices (HLDI) were calculated.
Twenty-six families, 67 genera, and 87 species were recorded in the
five communities. HDI and HLDI were significantly… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Wang XG1, Wuyunna1*, CA Busso2, YT Song1, FJ Zhang1, GW Huo1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 123-132, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.123
Abstract Chemical elements, such as carbon (C), nitrogen (N)
and phosphorus (P), are major limiting nutrients in arid and semiarid
grasslands and their stoichiometry (C:N:P) is a very important
ratio to determine. In addition, it is critical to understand how plant
stoichiometry responds to multiple environmental factors at the species
level. In this study, we conducted a greenhouse experiment to
investigate the effects of salt stress (4 g NaCl/kg soil), drought (35%
of the soil water holding capacity) and N addition (10 g N/m2), as
well as their interactions, on C, N and P concentrations and C:N:P
ratios in two dominant… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jabbari H1, M Gholamhosseini1, M Naeemi2, A Nasiri3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 133-142, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.133
Abstract Two experiments were performed in 2011-2012 to
investigate the response of three oilseed rape cultivars to drought
stress, grown under two climate conditions in Iran (cold and hot
climates). The experiments were conducted using a randomized
complete-block design arranged in split-plot with three replicates.
The irrigation treatments (FI: full irrigation; WIF: withholding irrigation
at flowering stage, and WIS: withholding irrigation at the
silique formation stage until physiological maturity) were allocated
to main plots, whereas subplots consisted of the oilseed rape cultivars:
early maturating (GKH2005), relatively late maturing (Opera)
and late maturing (Okapi). Drought caused a significant reduction
in seed number,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Xin ZM1,2, MH Liu2, Q Lu1,3, CA Busso5, YJ Zhu1,3, Z Li2, YR Huang2, XL Li2, FM Luo2, F Bao1, JQ Qian4*, YH Li1,3*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 144-155, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.144
Abstract Leaf δ13C is widely used to explain plant strategies
related to resource availability in different environments. However,
the coupled response of leaf δ13C to precipitation and temperature
as well as the relationship between leaf δ13C and leaf traits remain
unclear. The leaf δ13C and its relationship with leaf traits [leaf size
(LS), leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), leaf length to width ratio
(L:W), specific leaf area (SLA) and mass-based leaf nitrogen concentration
(Nmass)] were investigated on the dominant shrub species
Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. in the arid region (Dengkou and Minqin)
of northwestern China under the simulated increasing precipitation
(PGS)… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Deng JB1,2*, G Gao3, KS Ahmad4, XQ Luo1,2, FT Zhang1,2, S Li1,2, RW Yang5
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 156-161, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.156
Abstract Six mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers, cox2, ccmFn,
ccb256, cox3, Nad4L-orf25, and atp4, were combined to assess genetic
relationships by using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Maximum
parsimony (MP). This was done among nine Chinese Curcuma
herbal species, included two rare species which are difficult to
distinguish from their morphological characters. The relationships
are very close among the nine species, and the overall distance was
0.018. In this study, the backbone of such nine species was achieved
firstly to date, and being divided into two groups with moderate to
strong bootstrap support. Both the ML and MP tree were obtained
with similarity topologies… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Tantasawat PA, K Lunwongsa, T Linthaisong, P Wirikitgul, N Campatong, N Talpolkrung, A Tharapreuksapong, O Poolsawat, A Khairum, A Sorntip, C Kativat
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 162-170, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.162
Abstract Genetic diversity and relatedness of 17 water primrose
(Ludwigia hyssopifolia) accessions in Thailand were estimated using
morphological characters and random amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) markers. Eight morphological characters were diverse
among the accessions. However, some accessions could not be distinguished
from one another based on these morphological characters
alone. Unweighted pair-group arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis
of these characters separated these 17 accessions into 2 major clusters.
Among the 5 RAPD primers used, a total of 68 fragments (150
to 2000 bp) were amplified, showing a polymorphism percentage of
80%. The polymorphic information content (PIC) among accessions
varied from 0.31 to… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Calixto-Muñoz JJ1, MD Mariezcurrena-Berasain1, AT Gutiérrez-Ibáñez1, A Balbuena-Melgarejo1, S Rajaram2, ED Archundia-Velarde1, DL Martínez-Pardo3, DL Pinzón-Martínez1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 171-177, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.171
Abstract Wheat is one of the most important protein sources
for human beings. Several food products are elaborated from this
cereal, such as bread. Mexican wheat breeding programs are focused
on to identify those genotypes with high yields and bread quality.
Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental
effects over the Physicochemical and Bromatological quality parameters
of Cal Blanco F2011, Matchett F2011 and RSM-Norman
F2008 wheats sown at the experimental fields at Mexicali, Baja California,
Querendaro, Michoacán and Tarimoro, Guanajuato, Mexico
during the autumn-winter growing cycle for two consecutive years
(2014-2016) under irrigation conditions. Grain Hectolitric weight… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Bibi A1, SA Majid2, A Munir3, A Ulfat4, G Javed2, S Khatoon2, N Azhar2, S Ashraf2, S Aziz2, N Mumtaz2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 178-182, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.178
Abstract Chilling stress on cereal crops is the major form of cold
stress that appears in some regions, and causes significant losses by
depressing seed germination, and seedling growth and establishment.
Hormones have the ability to reduce the stress effects in crops
by various mechanisms. To determine the role of nitric oxide in mitigating
chilling damages in wheat, two trials were conducted and seven
wheat varieties were used. Seeds of wheat varieties after priming
using three different concentrations (0, 10-4, 10-5 M) of sodium nitroprusside
as nitric oxide donor were grown under two growth conditions
(control, 4 °C) according to a… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zepeda-Guzmán S1, M Gómez-Romero2, C Sosa-Aguirre1, J Villegas1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 183-190, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.183
Abstract Changes in root architecture are a strategy used by
plants to explore the soil for available resources. The presence of beneficial
microorganisms in the rhizosphere as well as plant growth
regulators can cause changes in root development and promote the
availability of water and nutrients. The effect of microorganisms or
growth regulators on plant growth has been tested, but little is known
about the effect they have on the architecture of the root of Hordeum
vulgare L. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the
effect of the application of Rhizoglomus intraradices, Azospirillum
brasilense, quercetin and epibrassinolide, alone… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Qayyum S1, SA Majid1, A Bibi2, A Ulfat1, K Khanum1, A Munir1, S Nisar1, S Aziz1, N Mumtaz1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 191-197, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.191
Abstract Maize (Zea mays L., the third most important cereal
crop after wheat and rice, is the major kharif (summer) crop of rainfed
areas in Pakistan. The yield per hectare and total production of
maize in Pakistan is low versus an exponentially increasing population.
The objective of this work was to study the interactive effects
of phytohormones [Gibberellic acid (GA), Sodium nitroprusside
(SNP), Abscicic acid (ABA) and kinetin (KIN)] on morphological,
physiological and biochemical parameters during the germination
of maize seeds. Seeds were presoaked in different hormones, separately
or in combinations. Priming with GA+SNP+ABA+KIN enhanced
the total fresh (TFW) and dry… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hernández LF1,2, PM Bellés3, MA Bidegain4,5, PD Postemsky4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 198-208, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.198
Abstract Absence or underdevelopment of sunflower fruits
come usually from failure in fertilization, stresses as well as physiological
and morphological defects in the ovary. Thigmomorphogenesis
has never been included as a possible cause. We have previously
shown that a 2-3 day fertilization shift can occur between neighboring
florets in the sunflower capitulum. It is proposed here that
those ovaries with advanced fertilization can generate a significant
radial and axial compressive stress on ovaries with delayed fertilization.
This mechanical stimulus could be strong enough to trigger a
thigmo response that affects further ovary development. In vivo tests
were performed, isolating ovaries by… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abud-Archila M1, AK Espinosa-Arrioja1, T González-Soto2, VF Gutiérrez-Oliva1, V Ruíz-Valdiviezo1, D González-Mendoza2, L Rodríguez-Hernández3, FA Gutiérrez-Miceli1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 209-215, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.209
Abstract The aim of this investigation was to analyze the effect
of vermicompost and phosphate rock on plant growth and biochemical
responses of Moringa oleifera exposed to water deficit and
waterlogging conditions. Treatments included 152 g of vermicompost
(V) and 1.3 g of phosphate rock (PR) added to each cultivation
bag. Control was prepared with 2.3 g of urea. All treatments were
irrigated under different watering conditions [water deficit: irrigated
at 20% water holding capacity (WHC); control (40% WHC) and
waterlogging (60% WHC)]. The overall average in plant height was
90, 86 and 68 cm, whereas chlorophyll was 45, 40 and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Vázquez Núñez E1, S Awate2, MC Carrasco Monrroy3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 216-224, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.216
Abstract The effect of scarification methods and silver nanoparticles
on plantlets growth were tested on seeds of plants belonging
to the Fabaceae family (Prosopis laevigata, Acacia farnesiana and
Erythrina americana), which are predominant species in semi-arid
ecosystems in Mexico. The scarification methods consisted in using
coarse sand paper and two different concentrations of sulphuric acid
(H2SO4 98% and H2SO4 50%); immersion of seeds in distilled water
was used as a control. The percentage of germination was calculated
and the Kotowski´s coefficient was determined. After scarification,
the seeds were immersed in silver nanoparticles solutions at different
concentrations i.e., 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Naz N1, F Durrani1, Z Shah2, NA Khan1, I Ullah1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 225-230, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.225
Abstract The progress and development of crops like potato are
harmfully affected by increased heat stress throughout the world.
Stress caused by increased heat adversely affects germination and
seedling growth which result in a reduced crop development and
yield. The present research was carried out to know the influence of
heat stress on growth indices and physiological processes of potato
(Solanum tuberosum L.). The heat stresses C- Control (25 °C); T1-45
°C, and T2-40 °C were applied in separate growth chambers to the
plants, after 25 days from their germination. Increased heat stress
considerably decreased the chlorophyll a and b pigments… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Moya ME1,2, AA Galussi1,2, N Sattler2, MS Fontana2, YG Gillij1,2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 231-235, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.231
Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the anatomy
of stems and roots of Mnesithea selloana. Free hand cross sections
were made from fresh material of reproductive stems and adventitious
roots; they were colored with safranin and mounted on glycerin
jelly. Observations were made using an Olympus CH2 light microscope
and photographed. In cross section, the stems were circular
towards the distal end of the synflorescence and semicircular toward
the proximal end, and have two ribs. A uniseriate, continuous
epidermis presenting a smooth and thick cuticle and no hairs was
observed. Parenchyma cells increased in size towards the pith;… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shi G1, ZY Liu1, T Baoyin1, J Sun2, JJ Duan3, XL Li3, GF Yang4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 236-241, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.236
Abstract Plant functional traits and their effects on rangeland
ecosystem function have received much attention by ecologists.
However, the importance of functional traits and the interactive effects
of grazing exclusion and climate are poorly understood. This
study, therefore, aimed to analyse the response of Leymus chinensis
functional traits in long-term grazing exclusion in different habitats
(rainless typical steppe and rainy meadow steppe). This study showed
that although the sensitivity and variability of different traits were
similar in two steppe habitats, phenotypic plasticity of L. chinensis
in meadow steppe was significantly higher than typical steppes.
With the increased degree of plasticity, the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Song Y1, CA. Busso5, Y Yu2, P Wang3, Wuyunna1, D Zhou4
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 242-251, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.242
Abstract The effects of different defoliation intensities and frequencies
were studied on regrowth and herbage mass of Leymus chinensis
and Hordeum brevisubulatum in northeast China for two years.
Plants were defoliated to 6, 8 or 10 cm stubble height by removing
about 40% of growth down to each designated defoliation height. In
the first year, L. chinensis was defoliated 22, 17 or 13 times, and in the
second year was defoliated 21, 15 or 15 times to reach 6, 8 or 10 cm
stubble height treatments, respectively. H. brevisubulatum was defoliated
26, 21 or 15 times in the first year, and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sánchez J1, J Sáenz Mata1, J Flores3, E Jurado2, E Estrada Castillón2, O Aguirre2, G Muro1
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 252-259, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.252
Abstract The chemical and physical properties of the substrate
produce positive or negative effects on the germination of seeds, and
different pre-germination treatments are applied to obtain better results.
However, the use of soil as a substrate where the species grows is
usually not evaluated or used as a treatment. The objective of the present
study was to evaluate the effect of the native substrate [two types
of substrate where the woody species grow (clay and sand)] on the
germination of Acacia farnesiana, Larrea tridentata and Prosopis laevigata.
In addition, two groups were compared in seeds (grouped and not
grouped) of… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Turuelo NM1, DR Pérez2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 260-264, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.260
Abstract In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, increasing and irreversible
degradation in areas of high conservation value has prompted
the search for various solutions, such as rehabilitation and ecological
restoration. To implement these strategies, it is essential to solve
critical issues affecting the establishment of plants in the field and
the production of seedlings in nursery gardens. In the present work,
the following pre-germination treatments were evaluated for the
species Senna arnottiana and S. kurtzii, endemic to the Patagonian
steppe (Payunia): (1) Immersion in water at 80 °C for 5 minutes; (2)
Immersion in water at 80 °C for 10 minutes; (3)… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chichizola GA, AE Rovere, SL Gonzalez
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 265-273, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.265
Abstract The Onagraceae are a well-defined family of flowering
plants much used by man. Many representatives of this group, which
contains 75 species belonging to 8 genera, are indigenous to Argentina,
and 19% of these are commonly found throughout the country.
Many Onagraceae are ruderal and promote the subsequent establishment
of other species, thus contributing to the restoration of degraded
areas. Since it is important to know the characteristics of seeds
to be used in restoration projects, we studied the basic germination
physiology of Oenothera odorata Jacq., a ruderal plant indigenous to
Argentina. Material was collected from roadsides and embankments
along… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Álvarez AS1, DR Pérez2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 274-279, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.274
Abstract The use of microbial inocula for the restoration of severely
degraded arid environments is of great interest. This is because
there is a presumption that growth-favoring microorganisms can
facilitate the establishment of seedlings by increasing their ability
to withstand both the stress of transplantation in the case of nursery
seedlings, and the extreme conditions for natural establishment
imposed by the scarce, random and variable rainfall. In this work
we analyze the “slenderness index”- the height of the plant divided
by its diameter at the height cotyledon node- to analyze the effect
of treatments with microorganisms in the nursery. This variable… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Tang Y1, SS Jin2
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 280-285, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.280
Abstract Persistent seed banks have been detected in the Horqin Sandy Land, China using experimental methods. In this study, we used seed traits (i.e. seed mass and seed shape) to predict the persistence of seed banks using the random forest algorithm. The results showed that the mean decrease in accuracy for seed mass and seed shape was 18.26 and 9.90, respectively, suggesting that seed mass was a better predictor than seed shape. With increasing seed mass, the log of P (where P is the ratio of the number of votes selecting existence of a persistent seed bank to the number of… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ma YP1,2,3#, ZJ Zhang1,2#, TQ Su1#, CA Busso4, ER Johnston5, XG Han1,6, XM Zhang2*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 286-291, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.286
Abstract Soil microbial communities are thought to be responsible
for the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). However, because
soil microbial communities are comprised of diverse components,
very little is known about which component plays the critical role.
In this study, soybean and cottonwood were grown at two latitudinal
locations with different temperature and light conditions in-situ.
We quantified RPE using a natural δ13C method, and measured the
abundance, richness and composition of bacteria and fungi communities
with DNA-based molecular methods. Among all potential
variables, including the three aforementioned indexes of bacteria
and fungi communities and soil physicochemical and plant indexes,
bacterial abundance… More >
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