Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a major oil and protein crop, which is proposed to be formed by a crossing between Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis. To date, several Arachis genomes have been de novo assembled, including A. duranensis, A. ipaensis, A. monticola, A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner, A. hypogaea cv. Shitouqi, and A. hypogaea cv. Fuhuasheng. However, the studies on mining functional genes are tardily processing. In addition, cultivated peanut has a lower genetic diversity relative to wild species. The genetic bottleneck leads to cultivated peanuts with lower biotic and abiotic stresses. It is important to identify tolerant/resistant genes in wild resources for cultivated peanut breeding in the future.

More phenotypes have been changed in cultivated peanuts after polyploidization compared to wild peanuts. The phenotypes include chlorophyll content, stomatal size, and follower color. Now, it has a reality to reveal the phenotypic changes at the molecular level using genomic datasets in Arachis.

The scopes of the special issue include:

1. heredity basis and QTL mapping of the agronomy traits in Arachis.

2. comparison of phenotypic variation and related genes analysis in Arachis.

3. comparative genomics and gene family evolution analysis in Arachis.

4. functional genes identification related to growth and development in Arachis.

5. functional genomics and genetic improvement studies related to abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in Arachis.