Special Issues

Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants

Submission Deadline: 30 October 2024 (closed) View: 282

Guest Editors

Dr. Sikandar Amanullah, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, CHINA
Email: sikandaraman@yahoo.com

Dr. Muhammad Irfan Siddique, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States
Email: msiddiq5@ncsu.edu

Summary

Crops are used to diversify the human diet, improve health, and enhance the living environment. Crops have a complex genetic basis that makes it difficult to develop improved agronomic, physiological, and nutritional quality traits. Multiple abiotic and biotic stressors (such as salts, droughts, climate change, heavy metals, disease attacks, minerals, nutrients, etc.) severely impair crop yield, quality, and other associated traits. In recent years, numerous biotechnological (genetics and breeding approaches) and biological strategies (not limited to those based on emerging OMICS technologies) have significantly assisted in increasing sustainable crop production, with improved yields, quality, and better environmental adaptability. However, studies on the genetic diversity of crops are not comprehensive enough, and the genetic basis of crop-specific traits has not been systematically analysed. Thus, it is necessary to explore the potential variation of related traits based on unique genetics, genomics, phenomics, and physiology-based research that would offer vital insights for an in-depth understanding of advanced, significant regulatory mechanisms in crop plants, aiming at the development of improved varieties. Thus, it is imperative to explore the new genetic variations of related traits at the physiological and molecular levels to discover and utilize the key novel genetic resources.

 

The multi-direction studies (not restricted to particulars) on the genetics, genomics, breeding, pathology, and physiology aspects of large agricultural plant species are the focus of this special issue. We warmly invite manuscripts that emphasise useful biological applications and cutting-edge biotechnological techniques for enhancing crop productivity under broad scenarios.

 

Scope of the Special Issue:

• Emerging research on genetics, genomics, and physiology of crop plants.

• Application of improved biological methods for crop cultivation.

• Emerging OMICS and genome editing tools for crop improvement.

• Implementation of modern plant breeding and genetic engineering techniques.

• Usage of plant growth regulators to promote crop productivity under various stresses.

• Genome-wide exploration of functional genes governing specific traits.

• Genetic mapping, QTL, Marker-assisted selection (MAS) and GWAS-based research.


Keywords

crop production, sustainable agriculture, plant growth regulators, plant biotechnology, biotic and abiotic stress resilience, plant pathology, molecular genetics and breeding, molecular markers, marker-assisted selection (MAS)

Published Papers


  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Pre-breeding in Rice Development: Phenotypic-Genotypic Evaluation Associated with High Yield and Early Harvesting Traits

    Alwa Widi Aisya, Erlina Ambarwati, Supriyanta, Taufan Alam, Rizky Pasthika Kirana, I Gusti Komang Dana Arsana, Vina Eka Aristya, Ardian Elonard Purba, Taryono
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.11, pp. 3073-3089, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058098
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract The breeding process involves developing techniques to create cultivars that thrive in the ever-changing global climate, allowing for early harvesting and high yield. This study aimed to screen rice genotypes with early harvesting and high yield to develop new-generation cultivars. The study was conducted in a field experiment at the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from December 2022 to April 2023. Ten genotypes were laid out using an Augmented Randomized Complete Block Design (ARCBD) with three rows and six columns. The observations were macro and micro-climate,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Systematic Identification of Acer rubrum bZIP Transcription Factors and Their Potential Role in Anthocyanin Accumulation under Low Temperature with Light

    Yue Zhao, Shah Faheem Afzal, Zhu Chen, Khan Arif Kamal, Yuzhi Fei, Xin Meng, Jie Ren, Hua Liu
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.11, pp. 3109-3130, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056548
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract Acer rubrum is an important garden color-leafed plant. Its leaves will turn red in autumn, which is of great ornamental value. The leaf color change in Acer rubrum is closely associated with anthocyanins accumulation. In anthocyanin synthesis and accumulation, various transcription factor families play significant regulatory roles, including the basic (region) leucine zipper (bZIP). However, there is no report on the systematic identification and functional analysis of the bZIPs in Acer rubrum. In this study, 137 bZIPs distributed on 29 chromosomes of Acer rubrum were identified and renamed according to their locations on the chromosomes. According to the constructed… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of GS and GOGAT Gene Family in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) under Different Nitrogen Forms

    Zhenbing Qiao, Mengyun Chen, Wenjun Ma, Juan Zhao, Jiaju Zhu, Kaikai Zhu, Pengpeng Tan, Fangren Peng
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.9, pp. 2349-2365, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056655
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract Ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) is one of the main forms of nitrogen absorbed and utilized by plants, and mastering the regulatory mechanism of plant ammonium assimilation is a key way to improve the efficiency of plant nitrogen utilization. Glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT), two key enzymes for ammonium assimilation, have rarely been studied in pecan. In this study, GS and GOGAT family members of pecan were identified and analyzed using bioinformatics methods. The results indicated that 6 GS and 4 GOGAT genes were identified. The cis-acting elements can be broadly categorized into light-responsive, hormone-responsive, and stress-responsive elements.… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Application of Transgenic Technology in Identification for Gene Function on Grasses

    Lijun Zhang, Ying Liu, Yushou Ma, Xinyou Wang
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.8, pp. 1913-1941, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.052621
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract Perennial grasses have developed intricate mechanisms to adapt to diverse environments, enabling their resistance to various biotic and abiotic stressors. These mechanisms arise from strong natural selection that contributes to enhancing the adaptation of forage plants to various stress conditions. Methods such as antisense RNA technology, CRISPR/Cas9 screening, virus-induced gene silencing, and transgenic technology, are commonly utilized for investigating the stress response functionalities of grass genes in both warm-season and cool-season varieties. This review focuses on the functional identification of stress-resistance genes and regulatory elements in grasses. It synthesizes recent studies on mining functional genes, regulatory More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Structural Characterization of Chloroplast Genome in Alpinia japonica (Thunb.) Miq., a Medicinal Plant of the Genus Alpinia

    Wentao Sheng, Xi Lei, Xinjie Chen, Quan Kuang
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.8, pp. 1897-1911, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.052395
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract The analysis of chloroplast gene characteristics in Alpinia japonica (Thunb.) Miq. is of great significance for developing relevant genetic resources. The high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic research were performed to analyze the chloroplast genome characteristics of A. japonica. The total chloroplast genome length of A. japonica was 161,906 bp, with a typical circular tetrameric structure. And 133 genes were annotated, comprising 87 protein-coding, 38 tRNA, and 8 rRNA genes. Furthermore, 22 genes contained two copies, and 18 genes owned introns. Repeat sequence analysis showed that it contains 321 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 37 long segment repeats. Compared with… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Organ Abscission in Plants: With Special Emphasis on Bell Pepper

    Ramiro Reyes-Castro, Héctor G. Núñez-Palenius, Juan I. Valiente-Banuet, María E. Sosa-Morales, Blanca E. Orosco-Alcalá, Rafael Guzmán-Mendoza, Graciela M. L. Ruiz-Aguilar, Rogelio Costilla-Salazar
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.7, pp. 1467-1484, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.051644
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), along with potato and tomato, is one of the three most cultivated vegetables in the world. Bell pepper is worldwide accepted due to its characteristics of color, smell, flavor, and texture. Bell pepper is also considered a nutritious food due to its vitamin and antioxidant contents. In Mexico, bell pepper production has a high value because it is grown for the international markets, particularly the United States of America. Nevertheless, the abscission of flowers and fruits is a factor that limits the yield, hinders the planning of activities, and causes a More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genetic Variability and Phenotypic Correlations Study among Grain Quality Traits and Mineral Elements Concentrations in Colored and Non-Colored Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Adel A. Rezk, Mohamed M. El-Malky, Heba I. Mohamed, Hossam S. El-Beltagi
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.7, pp. 1733-1748, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.052739
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract Twenty-four rice genotypes were examined to assess genetic variability, heritability, and correlations for seven-grain quality traits, eight nutritional elements, and protein. ANOVA revealed significant differences for the quality traits studied. For every trait under study, the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the correspondence genotypic coefficient of variation. Heritability in a broad sense varied from 29.75% for grain length to 98.31% for the elongation trait. Hulling percentage recovery had a highly significant positive correlation with milling and head rice percentage. Consequently, milling percentage had a highly positive correlation with head rice percentage. In amylose… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of 19 Species in Rosaceae Family

    Riwa Mahai, Rongpeng Liu, Xiaolang Du, Zejing Mu, Xiaoyun Wang, Jun Yuan
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.6, pp. 1203-1219, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.051559
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract Rosaceae represents a vast and complex group of species, with its classification being intricate and contentious. The taxonomic placement of many species within this family has been a subject of ongoing debate. The study utilized the Illumina platform to sequence 19 plant species from 10 genera in the Rosaceae. The cp genomes, varying in size from 153,366 to 159,895 bp, followed the typical quadripartite organization consisting of a large single-copy (LSC) region (84,545 to 87,883 bp), a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,174 to 19,259 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (25,310 to… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genome-Wide Identification of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) CKX Gene Family and Expression Analysis in the Callus Tissue under Zeatin Treatment

    Zhengfeng Lai, Dongmei Lian, Shaoping Zhang, Yudong Ju, Bizhen Lin, Yunfa Yao, Songhai Wu, Jianji Hong, Zhou Li
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.6, pp. 1143-1158, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.051207
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)
    Abstract The cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) enzyme is essential for controlling the fluctuating levels of endogenous cytokinin (CK) and has a significant impact on different aspects of plant growth and development. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge about CKX genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Here we performed genome-wide identification and analysis of nine SlCKX family members in tomatoes using bioinformatics tools. The results revealed that nine SlCKX genes were unevenly distributed on five chromosomes (Chr.1, Chr.4, Chr.8, Chr.10, and Chr.12). The amino acid length, isoelectric points, and molecular weight of the nine SlCKX proteins ranged from 453 to 553, 5.77… More >

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