Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany

ISSN: 0031-9457 (print) Impact Factor: 1.039
ISSN: 1851-5657 (online) Publication Frequency: Bimonthly (Regular issues of Phyton- International Journal of Experimental Botany will be published monthly starting from 2022.)

About the Journal

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany is an international journal that publishes research on all aspects of plant science. This journal welcomes original and exciting submissions that provide new and key insights into the origins, growth and development of plants from the molecular to the whole organism and its interactions with the biotic and abiotic environments.

Indexing and Abstracting

Thomson Scientific; Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE); Journal Citation Report/Science Edition (JCR); Impact Factor (2020): 1.039; 5-Year Impact Factor: 0.77; Biological Abstracts; BIOSIS Previews; Scopus; EMBiology; Latindex; Field Crop Abstracts; CAB Abstracts; CABI Full Text; Periódica; TEEAL, The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library; Núcleo Básico de Revistas Científicas Argentinas (Agosto 2013–Julio 2015); SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online); Portal de Revistas en Biodiversidad; Portico, etc...

Current Issue - Vol.90, No.6, 2021 Most Viewed

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REVIEW
Insights into the Roles of Melatonin in Alleviating Heavy Metal Toxicity in Crop Plants
Ling Li^*,#, Xuyu Yan^#
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1559-1572, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016692
Abstract Alleviating heavy metal pollution in farmland soil, and heavy metal toxicity in plants is the focus of global agricultural environmental research. Melatonin is a kind of indoleamine compound that wide exists in organisms; it is currently known as an endogenous free radical scavenger with the strongest antioxidant effect. As a new plant growth regulator and signaling molecule, melatonin plays an important role in plant resistance to biotic or abiotic stress. Recent studies indicate that melatonin can effectively alleviate heavy metal toxicity in crop plants, which provides a new strategy to minimize heavy metal pollution in crop plants. This study summarizes… More
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REVIEW
Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.): An Overview on Causal Agent, Vector and Management
Mustansar Mubeen¹, Yasir Iftikhar^1,*, Aqleem Abbas², Mazhar Abbas³, Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye⁴, Ashara Sajid¹, Faheema Bakhtawar¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1573-1587, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016664
Abstract Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of the most essential and popular vegetables globally. It is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Abiotic and biotic factors threaten okra productivity. Okra yellow vein mosaic disease (OYVMD) is the most destructive disease of okra. The causal agent, [(i.e., Okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV)] of this disease belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus. OYVMV is a monopartite with additional ssDNA molecule. This virus has two components DNA-A for protein coding and DNA-B for symptoms induction. Whitefly transmits OYVMV in persistent manner. Characteristic symptoms of… More
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ARTICLE
Phenotype, Physiology, and Gene Expression of Barley Seedlings in Response to Nano Zinc Oxide Stress
Mengyuan Dong^#, Rong Sun^#, Qianhui Yang, Lantian Zhang, Yangying Yong, Yunxia Fang, Xian Zhang, Xiaoqin Zhang^*, Dawei Xue^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1589-1598, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.017465
Abstract In recent years, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been widely used as zinc fertilizers and pesticides. The use of ZnO NPs in this way can provide benefits to humans, but also has potential risks. ZnO NPs inevitably enter the environment during their production and use, which affects the ecological environment and crop growth. In order to investigate the phenotype, physiology, and gene expression of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings under ZnO NPs stress, the barely cultivars ZJU3 (P21), Golden Promise (GP) and L23 were chosen for study. Different ZnO NPs concentrations were applied to compare the physiological and biochemical… More
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ARTICLE
Expression and Interaction Analysis of FAZ1 Protein in Brassica oleracea
Hecui Zhang^1,#, Xiaoping Lian^2,#, Yizhong Zhang¹, Tonghong Zuo¹, Chongmo Yuan¹, Qinqin Xie¹, Liquan Zhu^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1599-1612, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015852
Abstract To identify and characterize genes involved in reproductive tissue abscission in Brassica oleracea, the transcript data of pollinated pistil was analyzed. A differentially expressed gene, named BoFAZ1(FLOWER ABSCISSION ZONE1) was identified, which contains one exon and encompass a 139aa. Furthermore, a T-DNA insertion mutant (SALK_302_G01) (faz1 mutant) was obtained from Arabidopsis thaliana mutant library. Floral organ shedding from mutants was delayed and a V-shaped structure in the boundary region between the stalk and torus of the sepal abscission zone was obtained in faz1 mutant. The cell density of this structure was lower than that of the corresponding region in the… More
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ARTICLE
Identification, Isolation and Characterization of GaCyPI Gene in Gossypium arboreum under Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Disease Stress
Zunaira Sher¹, Muhammad Umair Majid¹, Sameera Hassan¹, Fatima Batool¹, Beenish Aftab^1,2, Bushra Rashid^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1613-1632, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016154
Abstract Pakistan is facing the threat of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) which is transmitted through whitefly to cotton crop. Molecular mechanism of leaf epicuticular wax protects the plants from different pathogens including insect attack and disease transmission. Objective of current study is the isolation and characterization of a wax related gene GaCyPI from Gossypium arboreum under CLCuV infection. A fragment of 475 bp was isolated from the total RNA and 3’ and 5’ RACE-PCR products were arranged by overlapping the extended sequences at both the ends. Deduced protein sequence of GaCyPI showed homology with Cyclophilin cis-trans isomerase gene of Gossypium… More
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ARTICLE
The Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity of Understory Light Availability in a Temperate Forest of North China
Jie Li¹, Ziyu Zhou², Yun Chen², Qiusheng Yang^1,*, Carlos Alberto Busso^3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1633-1644, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016795
Abstract The spatial-temporal variation of understory light availability has important influences on species diversity and community assembly. However, the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of understory light availability have not been fully elucidated, especially in temperate deciduous, broad-leaved forests. In this study, the understory light availability was monitored monthly (May–October) in a temperate deciduous, broad-leaved forest in Henan Province, China. Differences in the light availability among different months and habitat types were statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis method, respectively. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) was used to explore the direct and/or indirect effects of stand structure, dominant species and topographic factors… More
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ARTICLE
Villin Family Members Associated with Multiple Stress Responses in Cotton
Fenni Lv^1,2,#, Sen Wang^3,#, Ruiping Tian¹, Peng Wang², Kang Liu^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1645-1660, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016947
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Villin (VLN) is considered to be one of the most important actin-binding proteins, participates in modulating the actin cytoskeleton dynamics, plays essential role in plant development and resisting adverse environments. However, systematic studies of the VLN gene family have not been reported in cotton (Gossypium). In this study, 14 GhVLNs were identified in G. hirsutum. These GhVLN genes were distributed in 6 A-subgenome chromosomes and 6 D-subgenome chromosomes of the allotetraploid upland cotton and classified into three phylogenetical groups based on the classification model of AtVLNs. In addition, the 14 GhVLN genes have highly conserved gene structure and motif architecture.… More
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ARTICLE
Effects of Piriformospora indica on the Respiration of Taxus chinensis var. mairei under Water Stress
Longsheng Hu, Xinru He, Pujie Wei, Bing Sun, Yongjun Fei, Die Hu^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1661-1672, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015871
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Seedlings of Taxus chinensis var. mairei were used as experimental materials to study the adaptation of Piriformospora indica to this plant under water stress. The materials were divided into two groups, namely, with or without inoculation with P. indica. Each group was subjected to four different levels of water stress. Vitality and physiological and biochemical indexes of the roots of T. chinensis var. mairei were regularly measured. Under water stress, T. chinensis var. mairei had significantly decreased root vitality; root vitality was higher in inoculated roots than in uninoculated roots. Under intense water stress, the inoculated roots had a higher… More
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ARTICLE
Comparison of Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seedlings Root under Waterlogging Stress in Different Substrates
Xinru He, Qiong Ding, Bing Sun, Yongjun Fei, Die Hu^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1673-1684, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015617
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Four different ratios of river sand, ceramic pellets, vermiculite and perlite (1:1), and field soil were selected as the substrates in this experiment, and four gradient levels of root waterlogging, half waterlogging, full waterlogging and normal were set to investigate the effects of different gradients of waterlogging stress on the root morphology of Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings under different substrates. In this study, the root anatomical structure of Taxus chinensis var. mairei under different waterlogging stress was observed by the paraffin section method. The roots of T. chinensis var. mairei were diarch, with no pith and resin canals. There… More
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ARTICLE
Structural and Histochemical Features of the Slow-Growing Perennial Coptis chinensis Franch. (Ranunculaceae)
Jingyuan Yang¹, Jie Zhou¹, Jiaojiao Jin¹, Yi Li², Xia Zhang³, Teng Li³, Mengdi Zhang³, Xiaodong Cai³, Chaodong Yang³, Cunyu Zhou^3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1685-1696, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015533
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Huanglian (Coptis chinensis Franch.) is a slow-growing perennial medicinal herb with considerable economic value. This study aimed to determine the structural characteristics and the levels of berberine deposits in the organs and tissues of Huanglian using light and epifluorescence microscopy. The adventitious roots are composed of primary and secondary structures with endodermis, exodermis, and phellem. The rhizome structures are composed of primary and secondary structures with cuticle and phellem. The leaves are composed of sclerenchymatous rings, isolateral mesophyll, and thin cuticles. We detected berberine in the xylem walls of the roots and rhizomes as well as in the sclerenchymatous rings… More
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ARTICLE
Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Analysis of Linkage Disequilibrium in Different Bamboo Species Using the Candidate Gene Approach
Xihua Liu¹, Min Luo¹, Xiaofei Chen¹, Changjun Ding^2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1697-1709, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015295
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Bamboos are one of the most beautiful and useful plants on Earth. The genetic background and population structure of bamboos are well known, which helps accelerate the process of artificial domestication of bamboo. Partial sequences of six genes involved in nitrogen use efficiency in 32 different bamboo species were analyzed for occurrence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The nucleotide diversity θw and total nucleotide polymorphisms π_T of the sequenced DNA regions was 0.05137 and 0.03332, respectively. Both πnonsyn /πsyn and Ka/Ks values were <1. The nucleotide sequences of these six genes were inferred to be relatively conserved, and the haplotype… More
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ARTICLE
Identification of Polymorphic Markers by High-Resolution Melting (HRM) Assay for High-Throughput SNP Genotyping in Maize
Zhigang Shang^1,2, Yongzhe Zhu³, Xinmei Guo^1,2, Meiai Zhao^1,4,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1711-1725, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015048
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) and high throughput genotyping are important techniques for the QTL mapping and genetic analysis of different crops. High-resolution melting (HRM) is an emerging technology used for detecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various species. However, its use is still limited in maize. The HRM analysis was integrated with SNPs to identify three types of populations (NIL population, RIL population and natural population), and the useful tags were screened. The patterns of temperature-shifted melting curves were investigated from the HRM analysis, and compared these with the kit. Among all 48 pairs of primers, 10 pairs… More
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ARTICLE
Selection and Analysis of Polymorphisms in Somaclonal Variants of Agave americana Resistant to Fusarium oxysporum via an Ethyl Methanesulphonate Treatment
Sheila Jazmín Reyes-Zambrano^1,*, Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán¹, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli¹, Víctor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo¹, Arely Anayansi Vargas-Díaz²
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1727-1739, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016171
Abstract Agave americana L. callus were exposed to different concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mM and to different times of exposure (2 and 4 h). The viability and capacity of shoot formation were shown to be affected when the callus were exposed to high concentrations (30–60 mM). Only the callus exposed to 15 mM EMS presented shoot formation; the exposure time of two hours produced the largest quantity of shoots regenerated per callus (21 shoots/callus). In order to generate somaclonal variants resistant to Fusarium oxysporum, a selection pressure was applied through of a culture filtrate… More
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ARTICLE
Encapsulation of Immature Somatic Embryos of Coffea arabica L. for in Vitro Preservation
Eliana Arias-Pérez¹, Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán¹, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli¹, Joaquín Adolfo Montes-Molina¹, Nancy Ruiz-Lau^1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1741-1748, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016004
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Tree Somatic Embryogenesis and Application)
Abstract The present study aimed to develop a protocol for somatic embryogenesis and encapsulation of coffee embryos (Coffea arabica L.), for the conservation of genotypes with characteristics of commercial interest. Somatic embryos were induced from leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 1 mg · L⁻¹ of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D) combined with 2 mg · L⁻¹ of benzyladenine (BA). Somatic embryos (SE) at the globular stage were encapsulated in a sodium alginate matrix; two treatments were tested: MS + 5 mg · L⁻¹ BA + 1 mg · L⁻¹ NAA + 3% (w/v) alginate, and MS + 7 mg · L⁻¹ BA + 5.7 mg · L⁻¹ indoleacetic acid (IAA) + 3% (w/v) alginate. Alginate was… More
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ARTICLE
Potential Antidiabetic and Anti-Genotoxic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles of Alkaloid Extract of Rhazya stricta in Rat Animal Model
Mohammed Ali Ashehri^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1749-1762, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016290
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Therapeutic Efficiency of Phyto-Molecules)
Abstract In most of Arabian courtiers Rhazya stricta is extensively utilized in public medicine for several diseases treatment. In this study, crude alkaloid extract of R. stricta (CAERS) coated with silver nanoparticles (CAERS-AgNPs) as potential treatment against diabetes in DM animal model was evaluated. Swiss albino male rats (n = 80) were injected with STZ to induce Diabetes Mellitus type-2 (DM). DM-rats were injected different doses of CAERS or CAERS-nanoparticles (CAERS-NPs) for 2 months. The results exhibited that mRNA expression of insulin and insulin receptor was down-regulated, activity levels of antioxidant enzymes were decreased, generation of ROS mediated DNA adducts and apoptosis in… More
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ARTICLE
The Origin and Identity of the Calyculus in Loranthaceae: Inferred From the Floral Organogenesis of Loranthus tanakae Franch. & Sav.
Ruozhu Lin¹, Bei Cui^1,2 and Wenxia Zhao^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.3, pp. 285-293, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.07182
Abstract The flowers of the hemiparasitic family Loranthaceae are always subtended by a rimmed structure known as the calyculus. The origin and identity of the calyculus have been disputed for more than a century. Various hypotheses have been proposed, for example, an outgrowth of the axis, a reduced calyx, and a bracteolar (prophyllar) origin, but controversies remain. To obtain a plausible explanation of the origin of the calyculus, we investigated the flowers of Loranthus tanakae using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy to observe the entire developmental process of the floral parts. Our results show that bracts are not present in… More
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ARTICLE
Heterologous expression of bacteriocin E-760 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and functional analysis
Quezada-Rivera JJ¹, RE Soria-Guerra², FS Pérez-Juárez², L Martínez-González², SE Valdés- Rodríguez³, NL Vasco-Méndez¹, JF Morales-Domínguez¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.1, pp. 25-35, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.04549
Abstract The use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) synthesized by bacteria (bacteriocins) is an alternative for combating multidrug resistant bacterial strains and their production by recombinant route is a viable option for their mass production. The bacteriocin E-760 isolated from the genus Enterococcus sp. has been shown to possess inhibitory activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, the expression of a chimeric protein coding for E-760 in the nucleus of C. reinhardtii was evaluated, as well as, its antibacterial activity. The synthetic gene E-760S was inserted into the genome of C. reinhardtii using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A transgenic line was identified… More
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ARTICLE
Effects of Melatonin on Growth, Physiology and Gene Expression in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress
Xiachen Lv^1,#, Yunxia Fang^1,#, Lantian Zhang¹, Weiyi Zhang¹, Ling Xu¹, Jingjin Han¹, Bailing Jin², Xian Zhang¹, Xiaoqin Zhang^1,*, Dawei Xue^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.2, pp. 91-100, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06622
Abstract Melatonin (MLT) is a hormonal substance found in many organisms and can improve plant stress resistance. In this study, the japonica rice variety Y32 and indica rice variety NJ6 were cultivated in hydroponics under different concentrations of CdCl₂ at the two-leaf stage. The growth, physiological and biochemical responses of the seedlings and the expression of cadmium (Cd)-related genes under exogenous melatonin (MLT) treatment were assessed. The results indicated that Cd stress destroyed the dynamic balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and removal, resulting in ROS accumulation, membrane lipid peroxidation, and impaired growth and development. Following the application of exogenous… More
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ARTICLE
Morphometric and Biochemical Changes in Agave americana L. Plantlets Induced By Ethyl Methanesulfonate
S. J. Reyes-Zambrano^1,†, M. L. Ramírez-Merchant^1,†, C. Arias-Castro², M. A. Rodríguez-Mendiola², C. A. Lecona-Guzmán¹, V. M. Ruíz-Valdiviezo¹, D. González-Mendoza³, F. A. Gutiérrez-Miceli^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.3, pp. 277-284, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06504
Abstract A. americana L. is a crop with very little genetic variability. In order to evaluate the effect of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) to induce variability in in vitro plantlets of A. americana, different explants (meristems, leaves and roots) were evaluated for the production of callus. MS medium supplemented with ANA (2.68 μM) and BAP (2.68 μM) was used. Callus obtained from apical meristem were treated with 15 mM EMS for two hours after which shoot formation was induced using 2,4-D (0.11 μM) and BAP (44 μM). The EMS induced variations in the morphometric and morphological parameters of the plantlets obtained, with… More
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ARTICLE
Influence of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterial Inoculation on Wheat Productivity Under Soil Salinity Stress
Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye^1,*, Tariq Shahzad Bhutta¹, Muhammad Shaaban¹, Shahid Hussain¹, Muhammad Farooq Qayyum¹, Umar Aslam¹ and Zahir Ahmad Zahir²
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.2, pp. 119-129, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06570
Abstract Soil salinity affects the growth and yield of crops. The stress of soil salinity on plants can be mitigated by inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR). The influence of PGPR inoculation on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop productivity under salinity stress has not been properly addressed so far. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of various PGPR strains (W14, W10 and 6K; alone and combined) at several growth attributes of wheat plant under different soil salinity gradients (3, 6 and 9 dS m-1). The growth attributes of wheat (height, roots, shoots, spikes, grains quality, biological… More
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ARTICLE
Deterioration of Antioxidant Competence in Barley Lesion Mimic Mutant 194
Qunqun Hao^1,#, Bo Lyu^2,#, Yuhan Tang^1,#, Deya Wang¹, Yuanyuan Li¹, Qingliang Li¹, Yuhai Wang^1,* and Wenqiang Wang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.2, pp. 109-117, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06734
Abstract A barley mutant, 194, was observed to exhibit a leaf spot phenotype over the whole course of its growing period. In this study, the phenotype and antioxidant competence were studied in the lesion mimic mutant 194. Plant height was slightly higher in mutant 194 than in the wild type (WT). In addition, leaf spot per plant in mutant 194 was significantly higher than in WT. Antioxidant competence, as indicated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes was also assessed in mutant 194. Compared to the WT, mutant 194 displayed a relatively… More
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