Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany

ISSN: 0031-9457 (print) Impact Factor: 1.039
ISSN: 1851-5657 (online) Publication Frequency: Monthly

About the Journal

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany is an international journal that publishes research on all aspects of plant science. This journal welcomes original and exciting submissions that provide new and key insights into the origins, growth and development of plants from the molecular to the whole organism and its interactions with the biotic and abiotic environments.

Indexing and Abstracting

Thomson Scientific; Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE); Journal Citation Report/Science Edition (JCR); Impact Factor (2020): 1.039; 5-Year Impact Factor: 0.77; Biological Abstracts; BIOSIS Previews; Scopus; EMBiology; Latindex; Field Crop Abstracts; CAB Abstracts; CABI Full Text; Periódica; TEEAL, The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library; Núcleo Básico de Revistas Científicas Argentinas (Agosto 2013–Julio 2015); SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online); Portal de Revistas en Biodiversidad; Portico, etc...

Current Issue - Vol.91, No.4, 2022 Most Viewed

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REVIEW
Salinity Stress in Wheat: Effects, Mechanisms and Management Strategies
Mahmoud F. Seleiman^1,2,#,*, Muhammad Talha Aslam^3,#, Bushra Ahmed Alhammad⁴, Muhammad Umair Hassan⁵, Rizwan Maqbool³, Muhammad Umer Chattha³, Imran Khan³, Harun Ireri Gitari⁶, Omer S. Uslu⁷, Rana Roy⁸, Martin Leonardo Battaglia⁹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 667-694, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017365
Abstract Salinity stress is a major threat to global food production and its intensity is continuously increasing because of anthropogenic activities. Wheat is a staple food and a source of carbohydrates and calories for the majority of people across the globe. However, wheat productivity is adversely affected by salt stress, which is associated with a reduction in germination, growth, altered reproductive behavior and enzymatic activity, disrupted photosynthesis, hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress, and yield reductions. Thus, a better understanding of wheat (plant) behavior to salinity stress has essential implications to devise counter and alleviation measures to cope with salt stress. Different approaches… More
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REVIEW
Climate Change and Its Adverse Impacts on Plant Growth in South Asia: Current Status and Upcoming Challenges
Mohammad Saidur Rhaman^1,*, Tahjib-Ul-Arif², Mohammad Golam Kibria³, Anamul Hoque³
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 695-711, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018898
Abstract Socioeconomic development, adaptive capacity of the population, and demographic conditions across the states of South Asia make it more vulnerable to climate change. South Asia is daily going to be more vulnerable to climate change and climatic variability. This region is facing multiple challenges in terms of climate change, dilapidation of ecosystems, and food insecurity. Climate is the primary determining factor for agricultural output, which unswervingly influences food production across the globe. South Asia is mainly an agricultural foundation based region and thus the economy of these regions directly depends on agriculture and agricultural production. Due to the extensive dependence… More
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ARTICLE
Changes in Germination and Seedling Traits of Sesame under Simulated Drought
Mukhtar Ahmed^1,*, Ahmed M. S. Kheir^2,3, Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood¹, Shakeel Ahmad⁴, Mirza Hasanuzzaman^5,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 713-726, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018552
Abstract Drought is considered one of the leading abiotic constraints to agricultural crop production globally. Present study was conducted to assess the effects of different drought treatments (viz. Control, 10% PEG, and 20% PEG) on seed germination, germination indices, seedling traits, and drought tolerance indices of sesame. Our results showed that maximum reduction in the studied parameters was observed at higher PEG concentration (i.e., 20% PEG). As compared to control, the drought treatments viz. 10% and 20% PEG decreased the values for germination indices, such as germination percentage, coefficient of variation of germination time, germination index, and seedling vigor index. Similarly,… More
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ARTICLE
OsMAPK6 Affects Male Fertility by Reducing Microspore Number and Delaying Tapetum Degradation in Oryza sativa L.
Wuzhong Yin^#, Hongxia Yang^#, Yantong Wang, Ping Feng, Yao Deng, Yang Liu, Danyang Chen, Yijie Ban, Weichi Liu, Guanghua He^*, Nan Wang^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 727-744, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017811
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: High-Yield Rice Physiology & Genetics)
Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is important in stress signal transduction and plant development. In the present study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant with reduced fertility, Oryza sativa mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (osmapk6), which harbored a mutated MAPK gene. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, TUNEL assays, RNA in situ hybridization, longitudinal and transverse histological sectioning, and map-based cloning were performed to characterize the osmapk6 mutant. The gene OsMAPK6 was expressed throughout the plant but predominantly in the microspore mother cells, tapetal cells, and microspores in the anther sac. Compared with the wild type,… More
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ARTICLE
Effects of Salt-Alkaline Stress on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Rice Seedlings
Xiwen Shao¹, Dongsheng Gai¹, Dapeng Gao¹, Yanqiu Geng^1,*, Liying Guo^1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 745-759, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018933
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: High-Yield Rice Physiology & Genetics)
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate carbohydrate metabolism in rice seedlings subjected to salt-alkaline stress. Two relatively salt-alkaline tolerant (Changbai 9) and sensitive (Jinongda 138) rice cultivars, grown hydroponically, were subjected to salt-alkaline stress via 50 mM of salt-alkaline solution. The carbohydrate content and the activities of metabolism-related enzymes in the leaves and roots were investigated. The results showed that the contents of sucrose, fructose, and glucose in the leaves and roots increased under salt-alkaline stress. Starch content increased in the leaves but decreased in the roots under salt-alkaline stress. The activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, amylase,… More
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ARTICLE
Overexpression of a Glycosyltransferase Gene from a Metabolically Poly-Resistant Beckmannia syzigachne Population Alters Growth and Confers Herbicide Resistance to Brachypodium distachyon
Yizhao Huang¹, Nannan Li², Deya Wang⁴, Jian Du¹, Weitang Liu³, Jinxin Wang^3,*, Wei Li^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 761-772, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018462
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Beckmannia syzigachne is a noxious weed for rice-wheat rotations in China. The B. syzigachne (AH-02) population evolved metabolic resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and mesosulfuron-methyl. To investigate the function of GT73C1 in this population, the GT73C1 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the sequence was 100% consistent with the transcriptome data. Its phylogenetic tree was displayed and annotated using FigTree v1.4.4. The plant overexpression vector of GT73C1 gene was constructed and used to transform Brachypodium distachyon plants. Furthermore, the expression of GT73C1 was significantly induced by fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and mesosulfuron-methyl, which was consistent with the findings from the whole plant… More
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ARTICLE
Genome-Wide Analysis of Snapdragon WRKY and VQ Gene Families and Their Expression in Response to Drought and Cold Stresses
Huaqiao Ding^*, Lihui Mao, Qingcheng Zou, Wei Hu, Xuerui Cao, Qing Dong^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 773-789, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018075
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) is one of the most widely cultivated grass flowers in the world. WRKY transcription factors, VQ proteins and their interactions play crucial roles in plant response to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about WRKY and VQ gene families in snapdragon. In the present study, WRKY and VQ genes and their interactions were comprehensively analyzed in snapdragon using bioinformatics approaches, and their expression in response to drought and cold stresses was examined using real-time PCR. A total of 67 AmWRKY genes were identified in snapdragon, which were classified into different groups or subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis.… More
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ARTICLE
Population Structure Analysis and Genome-Wide Association Study of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) K untze) Germplasm in Qiannan, China, Based on SLAFSeq Technology
Fen Zhang¹, Weili Tian¹, Lu Cen¹, Litang Lv², Xiaofang Zeng¹, Yulu Chen¹, Yichen Zhao^2,*, Yan Li^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 791-809, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018104
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Duyun Maojian tea is a famous tea in China. In this study, the specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing method was used to analyze the population structure and conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 2 leaf traits of 123 tea plants in Qiannan, China. A total of 462,019 SLAF tags and 11,362,041 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were obtained. The results of phylogenetic tree analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis showed that 123 tea germplasms were clustered into three groups, and the heterozygosity rates for Groups I, II, and II were 0.206, 0.224, and 0.34, respectively. Generally, tea germplasms in… More
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ARTICLE
Tree Height-Related Hydraulic Strategy to Cope with Freeze-Thaw Stress in Six Common Urban Tree Species in North China
Cunyang Niu, Wenkai Shou, Li Ma, Jianqiang Qian^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 811-825, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.019386
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Urban trees are sensitive to extreme weather events under climate change. Freeze-thaw induced hydraulic failure could induce urban tree dieback and nullify the services they provide. Plant height is a simple but significant trait for plant ecological strategies. Understanding how urban trees with different heights adapt to freeze-thaw stress is increasingly important under climate change. We investigated the relationship between tree height and stem hydraulic functional traits of six common urban tree species in North China to explore tree height-related hydraulic strategies to cope with freeze-thaw stress. Results showed that tall trees had wider vessels, higher hydraulic conductivity, more winter… More
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ARTICLE
Diversity of Saxicolous Lichens along an Aridity Gradient in Central México
José Carmen Soto-Correa¹, Abraham Saldaña-Vega¹, Víctor Hugo Cambrón-Sandoval¹, Laura Concostrina-Zubiri², Mariela Gómez-Romero^3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 827-840, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017929
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)
Abstract Lichens are symbiotic organisms that comprise a fungus and a photosynthetic partner wich are recognized as a good indicator of climate change. However, our understanding of how aridity affects the diversity of saxicolous lichens in drylands is still limited. To evaluate the relationship between saxicolous lichen diversity and aridity in a central México dryland, a geographical transect was established of 100 km to build an aridity gradient in the semiarid zone of the State of Querétaro, Mexico, comprising ten sampling sites with a 10 km separation. Species richness, abundance and diversity of soil lichen species were recorded using two sampling methods: the… More
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ARTICLE
Optimization of Organic Mulches Thickness Improves Soil Moisture Retention under Controlled Conditions
Jiayi Zhang¹, Guohua Fu², Zhiyang Jin³, Lihang Chi¹, Guocheng Xu¹, Daran Yue^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 841-857, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017938
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)
Abstract Organic mulch can improve the moisture, chemical composition, dust, and dust suppression of soil, and beautify the environment. In view of the rapid evaporation rate and serious loss of soil water in tropical areas, this paper explored the effect of organic mulch materials with different thickness on the increase of soil water retention rate and the improvement of soil water loss caused by evaporation. Rubberwood sawdust (RWS), rubberwood bark (RWB), coconut fiber (CF), and Mulch (MC) were selected as the mulching materials. Field experiment and laboratory experiment were performed, and soil-moisture content and temperature were continuously monitored. However, from the… More
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ARTICLE
Effect of Reaction-Finished Solution of Hydrochar (HRFS) Application on Rice Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Saline Soil
Zhenghua Yi¹, Paramsothy Jeyakumar², Jiang Jiang¹, Xiaomian Zhang³, Chunlei Yue³, Haijun Sun^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 859-868, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018396
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Comprehensive Effects of Biochar or other Additives after Applied to Agricultural and Forest Soils)
Abstract We conducted a pot experiment to examine the feasibility of applying a reaction-finished solution of hydrochar (HRFS) to enhance rice production in a saline soil. With this purpose, HRFS was applied (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mL/pot) and rice yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) were determined. HRFS application significantly (P < 0.05) increased rice grain yield by 19.6%–30.0% compared to the control treatment (CKU, with N but without HRFS addition). Moreover, HRFS application promoted plant height and straw biomass of rice. Increases of rice yield were mainly achieved by increases in the number of panicles and grains… More
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ARTICLE
Genotype Screening of Recipient Resources with High Regeneration and Transformation Efficiency in Chrysanthemum
Yajun Li^1,#, Yumeng Cui^1,#, Bingjie Wang¹, Yue Li¹, Mengmeng Zhang², Silan Dai¹, He Huang^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 869-888, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018659
Abstract Genetic transformation is one of the key steps in the molecular breeding of chrysanthemum, which relies on an optimal regeneration and transformation system. However, the regeneration system of different chrysanthemum cultivars varies, and the regeneration time of most cultivars is long. To screen cultivars with highly efficient regeneration, leaves and shoot tip thin cell layers (tTCL) from eight chrysanthemum cultivars with different flower colors and flower types were cultured on Murashige and Skoog media (MS) supplemented with 1.0–5.0 mg L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 0.1–1.0 mg L⁻¹ α-naphthaleneacetic (NAA). The results showed that the most efficient regeneration media were MS +… More
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ARTICLE
Vital Parameters Assessments of Starvation Tolerance of in vitro Populus alba Culture
Mohamed Fathy Ahmed¹, Eman Zakaria Ahmed², Salman Aloufi³, Mohammed Alqurashi³, Amal Alyamani³, Eman Fayad³, Eman Tawfik Hussien^2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 889-902, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018600
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Tree Somatic Embryogenesis and Application)
Abstract Populus alba is a large woody deciduous plant. The plant has been introduced to shooting, then multiplication of rooting on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. This work was designed to estimate the effect of two factors (low levels of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and sucrose) on P. alba response resulting in 6 treatments compared to the control, with twelve measured responses. There was a significant difference in some measurements in morphology, like plantlets fresh-weight, shoot-, root-length, and leaf number. In the physiological measurements, there were significant differences in all the measured parameters. The low concentrations of sucrose and media composition/power (MS… More
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ERRATUM
Benzyl Amino Purine and Gibberellic Acid Coupled to Nitrogen-Limited Stress Induce Fatty Acids, Biomass Accumulation, and Gene Expression in Scenedesmus Obliquus
Hans Christian Correa-Aguado^1,3, Gloria Viviana Cerrillo-Rojas¹, Alejandro Rocha-Uribe², Ruth Elena Soria-Guerra², José Francisco Morales-Domínguez^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020625
Abstract This article has no abstract. More
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ARTICLE
The Origin and Identity of the Calyculus in Loranthaceae: Inferred From the Floral Organogenesis of Loranthus tanakae Franch. & Sav.
Ruozhu Lin¹, Bei Cui^1,2 and Wenxia Zhao^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.3, pp. 285-293, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.07182
Abstract The flowers of the hemiparasitic family Loranthaceae are always subtended by a rimmed structure known as the calyculus. The origin and identity of the calyculus have been disputed for more than a century. Various hypotheses have been proposed, for example, an outgrowth of the axis, a reduced calyx, and a bracteolar (prophyllar) origin, but controversies remain. To obtain a plausible explanation of the origin of the calyculus, we investigated the flowers of Loranthus tanakae using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy to observe the entire developmental process of the floral parts. Our results show that bracts are not present in… More
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REVIEW
Plant Derived Antiviral Products for Potential Treatment of COVID-19: A Review
Rashid Iqbal Khan^1,*, Mazhar Abbas¹, Khurram Goraya², Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye³, Subhan Danish³
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 438-452, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010972
Abstract COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is declared global pandemic. The virus owing high resemblance with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV has been placed in family of beta-coronavirus. However, transmission and infectivity rate of COVID-19 is quite higher as compared to other members of family. Effective management strategy with potential drug availability will break the virus transmission chain subsequently reduce the pressure on the healthcare system. Extensive research trials are underway to develop novel efficient therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we have discussed the origin and family of coronavirus, structure, genome and pathogenesis of virus SARS-CoV-2 inside human host cell; comparison among SARS,… More
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ARTICLE
Effects of Melatonin on Growth, Physiology and Gene Expression in Rice Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress
Xiachen Lv^1,#, Yunxia Fang^1,#, Lantian Zhang¹, Weiyi Zhang¹, Ling Xu¹, Jingjin Han¹, Bailing Jin², Xian Zhang¹, Xiaoqin Zhang^1,*, Dawei Xue^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.2, pp. 91-100, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06622
Abstract Melatonin (MLT) is a hormonal substance found in many organisms and can improve plant stress resistance. In this study, the japonica rice variety Y32 and indica rice variety NJ6 were cultivated in hydroponics under different concentrations of CdCl₂ at the two-leaf stage. The growth, physiological and biochemical responses of the seedlings and the expression of cadmium (Cd)-related genes under exogenous melatonin (MLT) treatment were assessed. The results indicated that Cd stress destroyed the dynamic balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and removal, resulting in ROS accumulation, membrane lipid peroxidation, and impaired growth and development. Following the application of exogenous… More
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ARTICLE
Heterologous expression of bacteriocin E-760 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and functional analysis
Quezada-Rivera JJ¹, RE Soria-Guerra², FS Pérez-Juárez², L Martínez-González², SE Valdés- Rodríguez³, NL Vasco-Méndez¹, JF Morales-Domínguez¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.1, pp. 25-35, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.04549
Abstract The use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) synthesized by bacteria (bacteriocins) is an alternative for combating multidrug resistant bacterial strains and their production by recombinant route is a viable option for their mass production. The bacteriocin E-760 isolated from the genus Enterococcus sp. has been shown to possess inhibitory activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, the expression of a chimeric protein coding for E-760 in the nucleus of C. reinhardtii was evaluated, as well as, its antibacterial activity. The synthetic gene E-760S was inserted into the genome of C. reinhardtii using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A transgenic line was identified… More
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ARTICLE
Morphometric and Biochemical Changes in Agave americana L. Plantlets Induced By Ethyl Methanesulfonate
S. J. Reyes-Zambrano^1,†, M. L. Ramírez-Merchant^1,†, C. Arias-Castro², M. A. Rodríguez-Mendiola², C. A. Lecona-Guzmán¹, V. M. Ruíz-Valdiviezo¹, D. González-Mendoza³, F. A. Gutiérrez-Miceli^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.3, pp. 277-284, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06504
Abstract A. americana L. is a crop with very little genetic variability. In order to evaluate the effect of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) to induce variability in in vitro plantlets of A. americana, different explants (meristems, leaves and roots) were evaluated for the production of callus. MS medium supplemented with ANA (2.68 μM) and BAP (2.68 μM) was used. Callus obtained from apical meristem were treated with 15 mM EMS for two hours after which shoot formation was induced using 2,4-D (0.11 μM) and BAP (44 μM). The EMS induced variations in the morphometric and morphological parameters of the plantlets obtained, with… More
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ARTICLE
Influence of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterial Inoculation on Wheat Productivity Under Soil Salinity Stress
Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye^1,*, Tariq Shahzad Bhutta¹, Muhammad Shaaban¹, Shahid Hussain¹, Muhammad Farooq Qayyum¹, Umar Aslam¹ and Zahir Ahmad Zahir²
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.2, pp. 119-129, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.06570
Abstract Soil salinity affects the growth and yield of crops. The stress of soil salinity on plants can be mitigated by inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR). The influence of PGPR inoculation on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop productivity under salinity stress has not been properly addressed so far. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of various PGPR strains (W14, W10 and 6K; alone and combined) at several growth attributes of wheat plant under different soil salinity gradients (3, 6 and 9 dS m-1). The growth attributes of wheat (height, roots, shoots, spikes, grains quality, biological… More
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