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Inflammation and Cytokine Biology in Chronic Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

Submission Deadline: 31 January 2027 View: 753 Submit to Special Issue

Guest Editor(s)

Prof. Dr. Denise Mafra

Email: dm@id.uff.br

Affiliation: 1. Graduate Program in Biological Sciences – Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 

2. Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Homepage:

Research Interests: renal nutrition

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Dr. Jessyca Sousa de Brito

Email: jessyca@biof.ufrj.br

Affiliation: Graduate Program in Biological Sciences – Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Homepage:

Research Interests: renal nutrition

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Summary

Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions are frequently characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation. Dysregulation of cytokine production and signaling pathways plays a central role in the initiation and progression of these disorders, influencing immune responses, oxidative stress, metabolic imbalance, and tissue damage.
Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cytokine-mediated inflammation is essential for identifying novel therapeutic targets and improving disease management strategies. Advances in molecular biology, immunology, metabolomics, and systems biology have provided new insights into inflammatory pathways and their role in chronic disease pathophysiology.


This Special Issue aims to gather original research articles and comprehensive reviews addressing the role of inflammation and cytokine biology in chronic diseases. We welcome studies exploring mechanistic pathways, clinical implications, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory and cytokine-mediated processes.


Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
· Cytokine signaling pathways and inflammatory mechanisms in chronic diseases
· Role of inflammation in cardiometabolic, renal, and neurodegenerative disorders
· Interactions between oxidative stress, immune response, and cytokine production
· Biomarkers of inflammation and cytokine profiles in chronic disease progression
· Nutritional, pharmacological, or lifestyle interventions targeting inflammatory pathways
· Emerging therapeutic targets in cytokine-mediated diseases
· Translational and clinical studies focusing on inflammatory modulation
· Both original research articles and narrative or systematic reviews are encouraged.


Keywords

inflammation, cytokines, chronic diseases, immune dysregulation, oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling pathways, therapeutic targets

Published Papers


  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Xenosialylation as immunological chimerism: a host-centered unifying model for viral and post-vaccination immune complications

    Fiorella Carnevali, Maria Chiara Muollo, Lucia Biagini, Giacomo Rossi
    European Cytokine Network, Vol.37, No.2, pp. 55-77, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ecn.2026.082188
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Inflammation and Cytokine Biology in Chronic Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets)
    Abstract Severe immune-mediated complications following viral infections and vaccinations, including COVID-19 and anti–SARS-CoV-2 immunization, display remarkable clinical overlap despite occurring in distinct biological contexts. In a previous hypothesis-driven work, we proposed that metabolic incorporation of the non-human sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) into human glycoconjugates—defined as xenosialylation—may contribute to post-infectious and post-vaccination immune dysregulation. We further suggest that this phenomenon may represent a form of “immunological chimerism”, in which host glycoconjugates incorporate non-self molecular structures that predispose the immune system to varying degrees of immune imbalance. In its most severe manifestation, this process may culminate in… More >

    Graphic Abstract

    Xenosialylation as immunological chimerism: a host-centered unifying model for viral and post-vaccination immune complications

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