Open Access

EDITORIAL

Laurence H. Klotz
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1774-1775, 2003
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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Alvaro Morales
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1777-1779, 2003
Abstract Age is the most important factor associated with sexual dysfunction. The traditional thinking explained this association by the neurovascular events developing with the aging process. More recently, central neuro-endocrine mechanisms resulting from apoptosis in the hypothalamic areas involved in both the production of sex hormones and the control of sexual processes have added a new dimension to human sexuality. This evidence is still controversial but of unquestionable importance in our understanding of endocrine alterations and sexual shortcomings associated with aging. More >

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Denis H. Hosking, Wilda E. Smith, Sherrell E. McColm
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1780-1784, 2003
Abstract Introduction: We have performed a study to compare shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopy under intravenous sedation for the management of distal ureteric calculi.
Materials and methods: Patient tolerance, procedure times and treatment outcomes were prospectively evaluated in 110 patients undergoing 138 SWL treatments, and 172 patients undergoing ureteroscopy under intravenous sedation for the management of distal ureteric calculi.
Results: Men tolerated SWL better than ureteroscopy. Over 90% of women tolerated both procedures well. Procedure times were 52 minutes for SWL and 27 minutes for ureteroscopy. Treatment was successful in 72% of patients undergoing SWL, and 95% of More >

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Andrew W. Bruce, Gregor Reid
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1785-1789, 2003
Abstract Emerging from the stigma of once being referred to as “snake oil”, excellent scientific and clinical evidence now exists to indicate that probiotics do indeed have a role to play in medicine. The proper definition of probiotics is important “Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”, for several reasons. It rules out so-called probiotics that have no clinically proven, peer-reviewed data, and it states the need to have viable bacteria present, unlike these pseudo products which are often wrongly labeled, poorly manufactured, with low or no viability… More >

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Sanoj P. Punnen, Joseph L. Chin, Michael A. S. Jewett
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1790-1795, 2003
Abstract Introduction and objective: BCG is the most efficacious intravesical treatment for superficial bladder cancer. However, 30%-40% of tumors are refractory. BCG failure is an indication for cystectomy but several salvage intravesical (IVe) strategies have been proposed. Early results with reduced dose BCG in combination with IFN-α in patients are currently the most promising. We have adopted this approach and now report our preliminary results. This is the first report of this salvage therapy from Canada, the birthplace of IVe BCG therapy for superficial bladder cancer.
Methods: The “O’Donnell protocol” of reduced dose IVe BCG plus IFN-α was… More >

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J. M. Fitzpatrick, R. W. G. Watson
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1796-1798, 2003
Abstract The prostate requires androgens for development and glandular maintenance, dying by the process of apoptosis following their removal. Anti-androgen therapy is targeted to induce this process but eventually fails with the emergence of an androgen independent cancer. These cells have development mechanisms to survive with out androgen impart due to the expression of anti-apoptotic factors. More >

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Mostafa M. Elhilali, J. Curtis Nickel
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1799-1802, 2003
Abstract The management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia over the last decade underwent many changes. The introduction of many medical options including alpha blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors provided alternatives to what used to be surgery or “watchful waiting”.
Alpha blockers evolved over the years from non specific alpha blockers to alpha 1 selective and then to alpha 1a selective with a wider acceptance due to lack of need to titrate and a better safety profile.
5 alpha reductase inhibitor (finasteride) passed through a lot of changes from being the… More >

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Joseph L. Chin, Sidney K. Yip, Nicholas McFarlane
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1803-1808, 2003
Abstract Introduction: Microvascular reconstruction was incorporated into our donor organ harvesting algorithm for kidneys with anatomic anomalies or injury of the vasculature. The impact of adjunctive microsurgery was appraised in terms of organ availability and graft quality procedures.
Methods: Out of a total of 441 renal transplant procedures performed by one surgeon (JLC) between 1984 and 1997, 104 allografts (83 cadaveric, 21 living related) required ex-vivo microvascular reconstruction. Micro reconstruction using 2.5-10 X magnification was employed to create a single artery and vein for subsequent in-situ anastomosis. Side-to-side or end-to-side anastomosis was performed, depending on the vascular arrangement.… More >

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Michael Pether, S. Larry Goldenberg, Kapil Bhagirath, Martin Gleave
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1809-1814, 2003
Abstract Introduction: This report will review the long-term follow-up of a prospective Phase II evaluation of intermittent androgen suppression in the treatment of prostate cancer. Specifically, this analysis will address completed cycle characteristics, the concept of prolonged off-treatment cycles, the time to cancer progression, cancer-specific survival and the association between PSA and bone scan changes.
Methods: A total of 102 patients have been entered into this protocol. Treatment was initiated with combined androgen blockade and continued for 6 months or longer to reach a serum PSA nadir. Medication was then withheld until the serum PSA increased to predetermined… More >

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Nicolas Muruve
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 1815-1818, 2003
Abstract Introduction: Total pelvic exenteration (TPE) is the standard of care for locally advanced colorectal cancer. This is a morbid procedure often leaving the patient with two ostomy sites and an extended recovery. Bladder preservation with complete tumor resection is often possible in these cases and we set out to determine if limited resection of the GU tract was as effective in tumor control as TPE.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective review of all patients over a 7-year period with colorectal tumors invading the urinary system. These patients were divided into two groups based upon the… More >

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