Open Access
ARTICLE
Jaisa Kaufmann1,*, Max Bouvette2, Abdul Qadar1, Dominic Frimberger1, Adam Rensing1, Bhalaajee Meenakshi-Sundaram1
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.074190
Abstract Background: Pediatric opioid use has been associated with serious adverse effects, including persistent use and overdose. Recent studies have shown that opioid needs may be minimal following outpatient pediatric urologic surgery. Post-operative pain regimens following pediatric penile surgery are not standardized. This study aimed to identify current opioid prescribing practices following hypospadias repair. Methods: An online survey was administered to members of the Societies for Pediatric Urology, including eight questions surrounding physician demographics, hypospadias repair case volume, attitudes regarding opioid prescription in pediatric urology, and post-operative pain regimens. Responses were stratified for analysis. Results: A total… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sezgin Yeni1,*, Hakan Kilicarslan2, Bertan Tanrıbuyurdu2, Levent Turan2, Hatice Ortac3, Onur Kaygisiz2
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.072974
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Innovations and Future Directions in the Surgical Management of Urinary Stone Disease)
Abstract Objectives: Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has become an increasingly preferred minimally invasive option for the management of kidney stones. However, postoperative pain remains a major clinical concern that may adversely affect patient comfort and recovery. This study aimed to evaluate whether intraluminal administration of lidocaine at the end of RIRS could effectively reduce postoperative pain and analgesic requirements. Methods: A total of 61 patients who underwent RIRS between March and July 2024 were evaluated. Four patients were excluded due to residual stones, and five due to a history of cardiac arrhythmia, leaving 52 patients for… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sofia Fontanet*, Julio F. Calderón-Cortéz, Edgar Suquilanda, Fernando Gaona, Alejandro García Navarro, Marta Piqueras
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.074254
Abstract Objectives: Nowadays, bladder neck contracture treatment reported is both bladder neck incisions and resection. Also, different energies have been described. This study aimed to describe and compare surgical techniques and energy sources used in Hospital Universitari de Vic. Methods: retrospective study of patients with a diagnosis of bladder neck contracture that required endoscopic surgical treatment between 2000 and 2024. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative characteristics were analysed. At the end of follow-up, the patient’s status was asymptomatic, under urethral dilatations, or with a permanent catheter. Results: 60 patients were included. Mean age was 71.1 years (SD =… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Bara Barakat1,*, Bilal Al-Absi1, Boris Hadaschik2, Christian Rehme2, Samer Schakaki3, Joerg Bauer1
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.071284
Abstract Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted three-dimensional (3D) surgical platforms, integrated with augmented reality, have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an immersive, dynamic operating environment during uro-oncological procedures. This review aims to examine the current applications of AI in robotic uro-oncology, with a particular focus on its role in facilitating intraoperative navigation during complex surgeries. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, the National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to July 2025.… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yubao Liu, Haifeng Song, Zheng Xu, Weiguo Hu, Bo Xiao, Gang Zhang, Boxing Su, Bixiao Wang, Jianxing Li*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.070417
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Urolithiasis in Focus: Integrated Perspectives on Infection, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Contemporary Management)
Abstract Objective: The pressure fluctuations during retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) can cause related complications, so precise monitoring and control of intrarenal pressure (IRP) play an important role. This study aimed to assess the clinical value of a Chinese-made disposable pressure-measuring flexible ureteroscope in monitoring IRP during RIRS for upper urinary tract stones <2 cm, and analyze factors affecting IRP. Methods: In this prospective single-arm study, 35 patients (38 renal units) underwent RIRS. Mean age was 42.3 ± 6.1 years, body mass index (BMI) 24.2 ± 2.6 kg/m², and maximum stone diameter 1.6 ± 0.4 cm. Stones… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
James T. Kearns*, Cecilia Chang, Chi Wang, Christopher Ward, Henry M. Dunnenberger, Kristian Novakovic, Alexander P. Glaser, Brian T. Helfand
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.073852
Abstract Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are common in aging men and are often concomitant. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether Aquablation in men with BPH and early-stage PCa resulted in improvements in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urinary quality of life (QoL) similar to men with only BPH. Furthermore, we explored active surveillance (AS) cancer outcomes in men undergoing Aquablation compared with a control AS population. Methods: Two prospective IRB (institutional review board)-approved databases were used to investigate outcomes in men with GG1 PCa on AS and… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Angelos Samaras, Stefan Aufderklamm, Bastian Amend, Viktoria Stühler, Arnulf Stenzl, Igor Tsaur, Steffen Rausch*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068588
Abstract Background: Penile fracture is a rare urological emergency, especially when it involves a urethral injury. Case Description: Here, we report the case of a 41-year-old male patient with penile trauma during sexual intercourse, presenting with typical clinical signs of corpus cavernosum rupture and gross hematuria. Emergency surgical exploration revealed an additional partial urethral injury (approximately 1.5 cm in length), which was primarily closed. Surgical management included a vertical penoscrotal incision, evacuation of hematoma, double-layer re-approximation of the urethra, closure of the tunica albuginea, and placement of both transurethral and suprapubic catheters. The postoperative course was uneventful, More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sin Woo Lee*, Seung-Kwon Choi
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.073355
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Urolithiasis in Focus: Integrated Perspectives on Infection, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Contemporary Management)
Abstract Background: Postoperative infections are an emerging concern in endourology. This study reports an outbreak of urinary tract infections associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in patients who underwent stone removal surgery using flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) at Seoul Medical Center. Methods: Between August and December 2024, five patients who underwent FURS performed by the same surgeon developed postoperative febrile episodes requiring further treatment. Urine cultures from four patients revealed an outbreak of multidrug-resistant PA, prompting environmental cultures and an inspection of the instrument reprocessing procedures led by the hospital’s infection control department. Results: Although PA was not isolated from… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Manish Kuchakulla1,2,*, Hriday P. Bhambhvani1,2, Robert Fisch1,2, Runzhuo Ma1,2, Jonathan Gal2, Marc Goldstein2
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.071275
Abstract Objectives: Men with obstructive azoospermia (OA) or infertility often require surgical sperm retrieval for assisted reproductive techniques. While sperm can be successfully obtained from either the testis or epididymis in these patients, sperm DNA integrity may differ between retrieval sites, which could influence reproductive outcomes. This study aimed to determine whether bilateral epididymal and/or testicular sperm extraction is necessary in men with OA or infertility and elevated DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed men who underwent bilateral testicular biopsy and/or microscopic epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) by a single surgeon from 2020–2022. TUNEL assays… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Gilberto Chéchile Toniolo1, Nuria Jornet1,*, Jady Rojas1, Natalia Tejedor1, Santiago Carrara1, Alicia Maccagno2, Teresa Brufau1
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.069182
Abstract Background: Low-dose rate (LDR) prostate brachytherapy is a recommended treatment of localized prostate cancer in current guidelines. The study aimed to determine biochemical relapse-free survival (BRFS) in patients treated with dynamic real-time low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy using Iodine 125 (I125). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 499 patients with localized prostate cancer treated with I125 LDR real-time brachytherapy between 2003 and 2021. The mean patient age was 65 years (range: 45–84 years). Based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk classification, 230 patients (46.1%) were categorized as low risk, 235 (47.1%) as intermediate risk, and 34 (6.8%)… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Sinan Kılıç*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.072049
Abstract Objectives: Testicular torsion is the most common surgical cause of an acute scrotum. Manuel detorsion renewed attention as a practical initial treatment, particularly in the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the current literature to determine whether manual detorsion offers a viable alternative to immediate surgery in improving testicular salvage rates. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251039489). Studies including ≥30 male patients comparing manual detorsion and surgical exploration were included. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, TR Index, and… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Shao-Chen Su, Yi-Sheng Lin*, Zhon-Min Huang*, Chao-Yu Hsu, Yen-Chuan Ou
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.073769
Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a globally prevalent infectious disease, including in Taiwan. Prostatic TB is a rare manifestation of genitourinary tuberculosis (GU-TB), which is the third most common extrapulmonary form of the disease. However, due to its insidious onset and non-specific symptoms, prostatic TB is often diagnosed late. Case Description: We report a case of a 72-year-old male patient who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and painful scrotal swelling. Following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), histopathological examination revealed prostatic TB. The patient subsequently had abdominal cramping and diarrhea. A colonoscopy detected an ulcer-like More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Nazım Furkan Günay*, Mücahit Gelmiş, Çağlar Dizdaroğlu, Abdullah Esmeray, Ufuk Çağlar, Ömer Sarılar, Faruk Özgör
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.072419
Abstract Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses unique challenges in the management of renal stones, and high-quality evidence to guide treatment decisions is limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (m-PCNL) on perioperative outcomes and long-term renal function in patients with CKD and renal stones. Methods: This prospective randomized study included 60 CKD patients with renal stones measuring 1–4 cm. Participants were randomized into f-URS (n = 24) and m-PCNL (n = 36) groups. Baseline demographics, stone characteristics, and perioperative parameters were recorded. Stone-free rate (SFR) was defined… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Arif Kol1, Hüseyin Günizi2,*, Özlem Ceren Günizi3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.070231
Abstract Objective: Sambucus nigra (SN) has been found to exhibit strong antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory effects. In our study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Sambucus nigra extracts (SNe) in interstitial cystitis, a condition in which inflammation plays a significant role in its pathophysiology. Methods: Thirty Wistar albino adult female rats were used in this study. All rats were housed at an average room temperature of 23°C, with a 12-h light/dark cycle, and had ad libitum access to food. The rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 10): Control (sham) group, Group 2 (n… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Soukaina Azil1,2,*, Yassmine Louanjli2, Noureddine Louanjli2, Moncef Benkhalifa3, Bouchra Ghazi1,4,5
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069420
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances and Challenges In Male Infertility: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications)
Abstract Mammalian fertilization involves the migration of spermatozoa through the female reproductive system. Early embryonic development is a consequence of several steps and signaling pathways being activated, as well as biochemical and morphological modifications of spermatozoa that enable them to penetrate the membrane of mature oocytes.
There are some crucial steps known to clearly explain the process of fertilization, starting with hyperactivation of spermatozoa, mutual recognition, and binding of gametes mediated by receptors located on the surface membranes of both gametes. The final step is followed by oocyte activation, which is primarily triggered via sperm-derived factors, inducing a More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Ida Nurwati1, Uki Retno Budihastuti1,2,*, Bhisma Murti3, Teguh Prakosa1,2, Metanolia Sukmawati2
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068548
Abstract Background: Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility, often associated with impaired sperm quality, hormonal imbalance, and increased DNA fragmentation. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been proposed as an adjunct therapy to improve reproductive parameters, but clinical evidence remains limited. Case Description: This case report describes a 38-year-old male with a varicocele treated at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Indonesia. The patient underwent 16 sessions of EA therapy. Sperm parameters and serum testosterone levels were measured before and after treatment. Following EA, sperm concentration improved from 5.2 to 6.7 × 106/mL, motility increased from 43% to 60%, and More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Jinwei Mao1,, Jie Deng2, Xiqi Peng2, Xunbao Wang2, Song Wu1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.072113
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: From Mechanisms to Models: Data-Driven Innovation in Urological Disease Research)
Abstract Background: Concealed penis (CP) is a common congenital condition in pediatric urology, and surgical correction remains the mainstay of treatment. The modified Devine procedure (MDP) has been increasingly used, but its comparative safety and effectiveness relative to the traditional Devine procedure (TDP) remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of the MDP with the TDP for the treatment of pediatric CP. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 and AMSTAR guidelines. Prospective, retrospective, and randomized controlled studies comparing MDP and TDP for pediatric CP… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Serkan Özcan1,*, Mertcan Dama2, Enis Mert Yorulmaz1, Osman Köse1, Sacit Nuri Görgel1, Yiğit Akın1
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.072282
Abstract Objectives: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is an established treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), but early postoperative dysuria and incontinence remain common concerns. The Virtual Basket (VB) mode has been proposed to reduce tissue trauma. This study evaluated whether VB use improves early postoperative recovery without compromising HoLEP efficacy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 168 men who underwent HoLEP between September 2023 and September 2024. Patients were categorized into three groups according to laser settings: 100 W Standard (n = 65), 100 W VB (n = 49), and 80 W VB (n =… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Skander Zouari1,*, Flora Barthe1, Arnoult Morrone1, Lionel Mendel2, Imad Bentellis2, Louis Vignot1, Romain Haider1, Younes Ahallal1, Daniel Chevallier1, Matthieu Durand1,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064281
Abstract Background: Inflatable Penile Prosthesis (IPP) is the treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) refractory to pharmacological therapies. Long-term data on factors associated with prosthesis survival remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the long-term survival of penile prostheses and identify risk factors associated with survival without reintervention. Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center study of patients who underwent IPP implantation between January 2014 and December 2022. Preoperative data related to the patient and the etiology of ED, as well as perioperative data, were collected. The primary outcome was survival without reintervention, defined as prosthesis revision or… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Erdem Öztürk, Tuncel Uzel, Mustafa Işikdoğan*, İsa Dağli, Nurullah Hamİdİ, Halil Başar
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.071101
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions)
Abstract Background: The European Association of Urology (EAU) recommends transperineal biopsy (TPBx) due to its lower infection risk and higher diagnostic rate for anterior zone tumors. This study aims to assess the learning curve of TPBx using the Perino-Flex® angle-adjustable needle guide under local anesthesia. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024, involving 100 patients who underwent TPBx with coaxial technique under local anesthesia. Data collected included patient demographics, procedure and room times, pain levels, anxiety scores, and complications. The study focused on comparing procedure times, pain scores, and complication rates… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdullah Esmeray, Huseyin Burak Yazili*, Mucahit Gelmis, Nazim Furkan Gunay, Caglar Dizdaroglu, Faruk Ozgor, Yasar Pazir, Ufuk Caglar
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069657
Abstract Objectives: Supracostal access during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) increases the risk of pulmonary complications. Although routine postoperative thoracic imaging is commonly performed to detect these events, its clinical necessity remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the necessity of routine postoperative thoracic imaging for detecting pulmonary complications in patients undergoing supracostal mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (m-PCNL) surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from patients who underwent supracostal m-PCNL between 2017 and 2022 in a tertiary center. Excluding patients under 18, with kidney/skeletal anomalies, or active thoracic disease, 112 eligible patients were included. Patients were… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Eva Donck1,*, Sofie Verbeke2, Pieter De Visschere3, Valérie Fonteyne4, Charles Van Praet1, Kathia De Man5, Nicolaas Lumen1
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068589
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Molecular Imaging and Targeted Therapies for Prostate Cancer)
Abstract Objectives: PSMA PET/CT (Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography) offers improved accuracy in detecting lymph node invasion (LNI) in prostate cancer (PC) patients, potentially reducing the need for extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). This study aims to evaluate a patient-tailored care pathway in which ePLND is performed only in patients with unfavorable intermediate- or high-risk PC who are deemed at risk for LNI based on PSMA PET/CT findings. Methods: In this interventional cohort study, 81 patients were managed according to the new care pathway. ePLND was omitted in cases of negative PSMA PET/CT… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Benedikt Becker1,2, Sophia Hook1, Carla Dapper1, Julius Bergmann1, Christopher Netsch1, Simon Filmar1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.072386
Abstract Background: Holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho: YAG) laser technology has long been employed for urinary stone fragmentation; however, its limitations have prompted the exploration of alternative systems such as thulium lasers. This study aims to compare a novel pulsed solid-state Thulium: YAG (Tm: YAG) laser to the standard Ho: YAG laser in Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini-PCNL) lithotripsy for renal calculi. Methods: In total, 100 patients undergoing Mini-PCNL were enrolled in this clinical trial. Fifty patients treated with a holmium laser were selected from a retrospective database. These patients were compared to fifty patients who were prospectively enrolled and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yingxiu Chen1, Zhongyu Ren1, Jiasheng Yan2, Yang Yu1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069041
Abstract Objectives: Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) exhibit low androgen expression. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in the treatment of SUI in postmenopausal women. Methods: Postmenopausal women with SUI were recruited from Hainan West Central Hospital between January 2024 and March 2025. Participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive either vaginal androgen cream combined with PFMT (treatment group) or a visually identical placebo cream (without androgens) combined with PFMT (control group). The vaginal cream was applied to… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Dorian Dikov1, Maria Koleva2,*, Kiril Simitchiev3, Anelia Bivolarska4, Albena Fakirova5, Victoria Sarafian6,7
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068575
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Prostate Cancer: Biomarkers, Diagnosis and Treatment)
Abstract Background: Chronic inflammation is closely associated with the most common and socially significant prostate conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer (PCa), and prostatitis syndromes. NIH-category IV prostatitis (histologic prostatitis, HP) is defined as asymptomatic chronic inflammation of the prostate. The presence of lymphoid follicles, referred to as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), along with benign lympho-epithelial lesions (BLELs), is among the key histological indicators of immune inflammation and can be assessed relatively easily. This study aimed to quantitatively assess TLSs and BLELs, as well as their relationship with the severity of HP. Methods: We… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Simone Tammaro1, Francesco Di Fiore2, Felice Crocetto3, Celeste Manfredi1,*, Claudia Collà Ruvolo3, Gianluigi Califano3, Biagio Barone4, Davide Arcaniolo1, Lorenzo Spirito1, Francesco Paolo Calace2, Pasquale Reccia2, Ferdinando Fusco1, Marco De Sio1, Raffaele Balsamo2
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.072617
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Mark W. Shilling1, Shawn L. Fernandez2, George J. Ryan1, Juila G. Kim3, David C. Majure4, Frances M. Alba5, Reza Ehsanian1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.070606
Abstract Background: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at high risk for developing neurogenic bladder or neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD), which can lead to severe complications and negatively impact quality of life. Despite the critical need for timely urologic care, barriers to access remain poorly understood, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aims to identify systemic and perceived barriers to urologic follow-up for individuals with SCI treated at an academic medical center. Methods: A single-center, observational study was conducted on individuals presenting with a diagnosis code indicative of complete SCI at an academic… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Kursad Donmez1,*, Enis Mert Yorulmaz2, Enes Candemir2, Serkan Ozcan2, Osman Kose2, Sacit Nuri Gorgel2, Yigit Akin2
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068294
Abstract Background: Urologic cancers typically metastasize to common organs, while spread to sites such as the heart, hand, cranial bones, penis, or tonsil is exceedingly rare. The clinical relevance and prognostic impact of these unusual metastases remain unclear. This case series highlights six exceptional cases, providing unique insights to support awareness and management. Case Description: We retrospectively analyzed six cases of patients diagnosed with urologic cancers who developed metastases at uncommon sites. Each case was evaluated based on clinical presentation, imaging findings, histopathological confirmation, treatment course, and outcomes. Relevant literature was reviewed to contextualize findings. Among the… More >
Open Access
HOW I DO IT
Christian Gozzi1, Bruno Bucca2,*, Orietta Dalpiaz3, Aldo Brassetti4, Luca Matteo Gobbi2, Greta Basile2, Miroslav Djordjevic5,6
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068035
Abstract Overview: Surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has evolved significantly, incorporating various minimally invasive procedures aimed at reducing morbidity and optimizing patient outcomes. Despite advancements, transurethral approaches continue to pose risks such as urethral strictures and urinary incontinence due to mechanical and thermal stress. To address these limitations, the Suprapubic Transvesical Adenoma Resection of the Prostate (STAR-P) was developed, offering a direct suprapubic route that bypasses the urethra entirely. Recent studies have validated STAR-P as both feasible and safe, emphasizing advantages such as enhanced visualization of the urinary sphincter, minimized urethral trauma, effective hemostasis,… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Jonathon Carll1,2,3,*, Jacinta Bonaddio1, Dixon Woon1,4,5, Marlon Perera1,4,5,6, Nathan Lawrentschuk2,3,5,6, Thilakavathi Chengodu1,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068908
Abstract Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a surface membrane antigen that is highly overexpressed in prostate cancer, with heterogenous expression throughout the natural history of the disease. This has generated significant interest as a potential biomarker for use in early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. We reviewed the literature surrounding PSMA and its current clinical applications in diagnosing and managing early prostate cancer that is confined to the prostate and local lymph nodes. A search on PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science was performed using the following keywords: “PSMA”, “Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen”, “Prostate cancer”,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shlomi Barak1, Netanel Waldenberg1, Aharon Peretz2, Reut Bartoov1, Guy Bar1, Snir Dekalo3,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066936
Abstract Background: Hormonal treatment and response as a predictor of sperm retrieval prior to microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) are not well established in the current literature. This study aimed to investigate the hormonal response as a predictor of sperm retrieval among men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Methods: Seventy-seven consecutive patients who had testosterone levels ≤ 14 nmol/L were treated medically with an aromatase inhibitor or recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rec-hCG) prior to micro-TESE and were included. Thirty-four (44.2%) had unexplained NOA (UNEX), 25 (32.5%) had Klinefelter syndrome (KS), 8 (10.4%) had a history of cryptorchidism… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Liang Dong1,#, Jialu Xin1,#, Jingyi Zhang2, Zheng Liu2, Junjun Li3,*, Xujun Yu1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068263
Abstract Varicocele (VC) is widely recognized as a prevalent and clinically significant cause of male infertility. However, the comprehensive pathogenic mechanisms underlying VC development and progression remain incompletely understood, creating an important knowledge gap in the field of andrology. This review establishes that VC pathogenesis centers on abnormal vascular remodeling and integrates multiple contributing elements, including anatomical abnormalities, biochemical disturbances, genetic factors, low body mass index (BMI), age, and specific sports habits, while secondary varicoceles are primarily induced by compressive pathologies. Through a systematic synthesis of current evidence and recent advances, this review aims to elucidate More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Gianluca Spena1, Francesco Passaro1, Achille Aveta1, Roberto Contieri1,*, Alessandro Izzo1, Giuseppe Quarto1, Giovanni Grimaldi1, Luigi Castaldo1, Dario Franzese1, Raffaele Muscariello1, Savio Domenico Pandolfo2, Antonio Tufano3, Sisto Perdonà1
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Prostate Cancer: Biomarkers, Diagnosis and Treatment)
Abstract Background: The Da Vinci Single-Port Robotic System (Da Vinci-SP), introduced by Intuitive (CA, USA) in 2018 in the USA and in 2024 in Europe, integrates advanced features like a flexible camera and articulating instruments. It has garnered significant interest in urology. Our report presents the first described European series of Radical Prostatectomies using the Da Vinci SP at the leading Italian center, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale” Foundation, detailing the technical differences and challenges faced by experienced multiport robotic surgeons. Methods: Sixteen patients have been enrolled and underwent Single-Port (SP) Robot-Assisted Radical… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Francesco Cianflone1, Giuseppe Ottone Cirulli1, Alessio Villano1, Mohammad Eisa Ali1, Mirko Belliato2, Roberto Veronesi2, Germana Bichisao3, Carlo Marchetti1, Simona Secondino4, Paolo Pedrazzoli4,5, Stefano Pelenghi6, Carlo Pellegrini6,7, Andrea Ringressi1, Richard Naspro1,7,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.073002
Abstract Background: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is standard for cT1 renal masses, but its feasibility in patients on temporary mechanical circulatory support is poorly documented. We report RAPN performed while a patient was simultaneously supported with venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) and Impella®, as part of a staged plan for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and eventual heart transplantation. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old man presented with ST-elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock requiring percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting, dual antiplatelet therapy, and combined VA ECMO–Impella® support. During workup for cardiac transplant, computed tomography (CT) staging… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Nicole Handa*, Matthew T. Hudnall, Channa Amarasekera
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.070415
Abstract Background: Penile constriction rings are most used for sexual pleasure and the management of sexual dysfunction. However, they pose a risk of injury and can be challenging to remove when strangulation occurs. Case Description: We present a case of a patient with urinary retention and a strangulation injury from a penile constriction ring present for 19 h before initial presentation. Multiple attempts to remove the penile ring were unsuccessful, and ultimately, operative management was required. Conclusions: We describe an effective technique for the removal of a stainless-steel penile constriction ring using a Stryker 505 power revision More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shanhong Luo1, Hongjuan Xu2,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069884
Abstract Background: Early detection and timely treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) can prevent the aggravation of the inflammatory response following a stroke and enhance the recovery of neurological function. This study aimed to develop a simple scoring system by integrating nutritional and inflammatory markers to predict the occurrence of UTIs in patients with acute stroke. Methods: Reviews of 1011 patients with acute stroke were retrieved. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were utilized to develop a composite score of nutritional-systemic inflammation response index (G-SIRI). The primary endpoint was the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zhenzhen Yang1,#, Linxin Jiang2,#, Shan Yin3,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069717
Abstract Objectives: Kidney stone disease is increasingly prevalent and may be linked to metabolic factors such as insulin resistance, but there is currently no direct evidence connecting estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) to kidney stones. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between eGDR and kidney stone prevalence. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007–2018, including 29,753 participants aged 20 years and older. Weighted multivariable logistic regression and nonlinear models were employed to assess the relationship between eGDR and self-reported kidney stone history. Results: Among… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Kazuki Yanagida1,2, Daisuke Watanabe1,2,3,*, Hazuki Inoue1, Takashi Ujiie1, Akio Mizushima2,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068677
Abstract Background: Vesicourethral foreign bodies are frequently encountered in urological emergency departments; however, cases of penetrating injury to the corpus spongiosum penis and bulbous urethra are rare. Case Description: A 64-year-old man presented with difficulty removing a foreign body that he had inserted into his urethra for masturbation. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a rod-shaped foreign body lodged from the bulbous urethra to the posterior wall of the bladder. Cystoscopy confirmed penetration of the foreign body into the urethral sponge at the bulbous urethra. An attempt was made to remove the foreign body transurethrally, but it was… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Bo Yin1,#, Xingyu Long2,#, Zhi Wang1, Feng Ning1, Kan Wang2, Jun He1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067189
Abstract Background: Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) is a rare and highly aggressive pediatric renal malignancy with a marked propensity for metastatic spread. Cases of CCSK associated with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus (IVCTT) are exceptionally uncommon in the literature. We report a case of CCSK with IVCTT in a 15-month-old male infant. Case Description: We reported a case admitted in May 2020 for a 3-day history of fever and hematuria. Abdominal CT revealed an unevenly enhanced mass and low-density shadows within the IVC. The diagnosis of CCSK was confirmed via needle biopsy. The… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jessica L. Wenzel1, Wesley H. Chou1,*, Eric J. Robinson2, Solange Bassale3, Paul Jones4, Sudhir Isharwal1,3, Christopher L. Amling1,3, Kamran P. Sajadi1, Jen-Jane Liu1,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.071079
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Ao Li1,#, Cai Tang2,#, Xin Wei3,*, Feng Liu1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.070366
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Decoding Renal Development: From Molecular Blueprints to Reconstructive Innovations)
Abstract Background: Ureteroenteric anastomotic stricture is a common complication after ureteral diversion with radical cystectomy, which leads to hydronephrosis, infection, and chronic renal failure. Although ureteroneocystostomy is reliable, its high degree of invasion often causes great damage and postoperative complications in patients. Therefore, we offer a new endoscopic approach with relatively limited invasion for severe obstructions such as ureteroenteric anastomotic atresia. Case Description: A 65-year-old man underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion of orthotopic neobladder and standardized chemotherapy for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Severe left hydronephrosis was then detected due to ureteroenteric anastomotic atresia. Percutaneous nephrostomy was… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Marco Di Mitri1,2,*, Edoardo Collautti1,2, Cristian Bisanti3, Andrea Zulli1, Alberto Mantovani1, Annalisa Di Carmine3, Michelangelo Baldazzi4, Roberto Lo Piccolo1, Riccardo Coletta1,5, Lorenzo Masieri6, Mario Lima3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067303
Abstract Background: Double blind-ending ureter (DBU) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly involving a duplicated ureter with no connection to the renal pelvis or bladder, making diagnosis difficult. Case Description: A 10-year-old girl presented with recurrent abdominal pain and ultrasound evidence of left hydroureteronephrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction revealed a 30 cm blind-ending ureter. Robotic-assisted excision (Da Vinci Xi) was performed safely, preserving adjacent structures. Histology confirmed a nonfunctional ureteral remnant. Conclusions: DBU is a rare duplication variant. Advanced imaging and robotic surgery are essential for accurate diagnosis and effective, minimally invasive treatment. More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Francesco Claps1,2,*, Miguel Ramírez-Backhaus1, Álvaro Gómez-Ferrer1, Juan Manuel Mascarós1, Argimiro Collado Serra1, Augusto Wong1, Ana Calatrava Fons3, Miguel Ángel Climent4, Antonio Amodeo2, Angelo Porreca5, Jose Rubio-Briones1,6
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.070162
Abstract Objectives: Residual Disease after adjuvant chemotherapy for non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) poses a significant clinical challenge and difficulties in tailored management. This study aimed to externally validate the Heidenreich criteria among patients eligible for unilateral post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC-RPLND) for residual masses of NSGCT. Methods: For validation, these criteria were retrospectively applied in 23 patients undergoing PC-RPLND for residual masses of NSGCTs. In patients qualified for unilateral-modified PC-RPLND according to the Heidenreich criteria but treated with fully bilateral dissection, pathological reports were evaluated to identify teratoma or active cancer cells inside the… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Sarah M. Kodres–O’Brien*, Mackenzie Koellermeier, Nayan Shah, Peter Langenstroer
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069550
Abstract Background: Retained bullet fragments in the genitourinary tract following gunshot wound is rare and require removal. Case Description: We present the case of a retained bullet in the prostate following a gunshot wound to the pelvis, which was endoscopically removed. A urethral catheter and suprapubic tube were placed. The patient then had migration of a second bullet fragment into the prostatic urethra six weeks later, requiring open removal. Conclusions: This case shows that several approaches can be considered to remove retained bullet fragments from the urinary tract. Furthermore, access to the bladder via a suprapubic tube More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdelkader Akkad, Franck Bruyere, Ali Bourgi*
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069546
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Diagnosis and Management of Bladder Cancer: From Molecular Insights to Therapeutic Innovations)
Abstract Objectives: Uretero-enteric strictures are feared complications following cystectomy. Despite surgical advancements, particularly the rise of robot-assisted approaches, the risk factors associated with these strictures remain poorly defined. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with uretero-enteric anastomotic strictures after cystectomy, according to the surgical approach and type of urinary diversion (extracorporeal vs. intracorporeal). Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study including 340 patients who underwent cystectomy between 2016 and 2024 at Tours University Hospital. Clinical, biological, perioperative, and postoperative data were analyzed. The occurrence of a uretero-ileal anastomotic stricture was defined radiologically by… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Léa Bollen1,*, Stéphane Rysselinck2, Jean-Philippe Salmin3, Gilles Dosin4
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067192
Abstract Background: Penile augmentation through injectable substances is becoming increasingly common. A growing number of aesthetic clinics are developing penile enlargement procedures using various injectable materials. Although these procedures are now performed in more controlled and medically supervised environments, their long-term outcomes remain poorly understood. The promotion of such medical treatments contributes to an increasing interest among adult males in self-injection as a method to alleviate psychological distress associated with penile size concerns. At the same time, access to injectable substances through unofficial or unregulated sources has become increasingly easy. Tor our knowledge, we report the… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Marie-Lou Letouche1,2,*, Aideen Madden2,3, Mariela Corralles2,3, Steeve Doizi2,3, Olivier Traxer2,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067253
Abstract Background: We present a case of two major complications following insertion of a nephrostomy managed in a minimally invasive way. Our case is the first in the literature to describe this minimally invasive treatment technique for colon perforation in a completely asymptomatic patient. Case Description: A 75-year-old female patient with a history of bilateral obstructive uropathy secondary to bilateral radiation-induced ureteric strictures attended for bilateral nephrostomy placement. The patient had a history of endometrial cancer, treated previously by total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Her recovery had been further complicated by the… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Mustufa Babar1,*, Farooz Babar2, Noah Hawks-Ladds3, Justin Loloi4, Michael Ciatto5
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066654
Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is a common malignancy, with many men on active surveillance for localized, low-risk disease also experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Water Vapor Thermal Therapy (WVTT) is a minimally invasive BPH treatment, but its safety and efficacy in this setting are unclear. Case Description: We report three men with localized PCa on active surveillance who underwent WVTT for LUTS. Conclusions: WVTT appears safe and potentially effective in treating LUTS, especially in those with lower-risk disease and smaller prostate volumes. Further research is needed to confirm safety, efficacy, and More >
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