Open Access

EDITORIAL

Leonard G. Gomella
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7677-7677, 2015
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LEGENDS IN UROLOGY

Frans M. J. Debruyne
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7678-7680, 2015
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REVIEW

Că​lin Chibelean, Ioan Alin Nechifor-Boilă​
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7681-7689, 2015
Abstract Introduction: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a special condition characterized by urgency, with or without urinary urge incontinence (UUI), associated to frequency and nocturia, with important consequences on patients' quality of life (QoL). Administered as intradetrusor injections, botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is a new, promising, minimally invasive treatment option for OAB patients, non-compliant to conventional antimuscarinics. The aim of our study was to perform a systematic review of the literature concerning the efficiency and safety of different BoNT/A products in the treatment of OAB.
Materials and methods: A thorough PubMed search was performed. After having… More >

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ARTICLE

Ahmed M. Mansour¹, Mark S. Soloway², Ahmed Eldefrawy³, Rakesh Singal⁴, Shivam Joshi⁵, Murugesan Manoharan⁵
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7690-7697, 2015
Abstract Introduction: To evaluate the potential significance of cystoscopy findings following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) as prognostic indicator in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
Materials and methods: Patients who received NAC prior to radical cystectomy for MIBC were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to cystoscopy performed after two cycles of NAC: responders and non-responders. Univariate analysis was performed to analyze associations between observed response to chemotherapy and pT stage, pN stage and tumor downstaging. Logistic regression modeling was fitted to evaluate predictors for extravesical disease and pathologic downstaging. Kaplan-Meier analysis was… More >

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ARTICLE

Ali-Reza Sharif-Afshar¹, Tom Feng¹, Steven Koopman¹, Christopher Nguyen², Quanlin Li³, Eugene Shkolyar¹, Rola Saouaf², Hyung L. Kim¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7698-7702, 2015
Abstract Introduction: Hemorrhage induced by prostate biopsy can interfere with the interpretation of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Materials and methods: We reviewed 101 patients who had prostate multiparametric MRI (MP-MRI) and radical prostatectomy.
Results: On MRI obtained within 4 weeks following the biopsy, hemorrhage was seen in 26/36 (72.2%) patients. Patients having a MRI between 4-6 weeks of the biopsy had hemorrhage in 8/14 (57.1%) cases. After 6 weeks, hemorrhage was less common but still present in 24/46 (52%) patients. There were five patients who had prostate MRI prior to biopsy and served as a control… More >

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ARTICLE

Susanna Cattarino¹, Thomas Seisen^1,2, Sarah J. Drouin¹, Raphaële Renard-Penna¹, Priscilla Leon^1,2, Eva Comperat³, Pierre Mozer¹, Olivier Cussenot^1,2, Morgan Rouprêt^1,2
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7703-7708, 2015
Abstract Introduction: To assess the impact of statin use on biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy (RP).
Materials and methods: Data from all men treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic RP (RALRP) for localized prostate cancer between 2009 and 2014 at our institution were prospectively collected: age, body mass index (BMI), statin-use status, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical T stage, biopsy Gleason score (bGS), D'Amico risk group, pathological T stage, specimen Gleason score (sGS), multifocality, perineural invasion, positive surgical margins and time to BCR. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to test associations between statin… More >

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ARTICLE

Antonio Cusano¹, Peter Haddock¹, Max Jackson¹, Ilene Staff², Joseph R. Wagner¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7709-7714, 2015
Abstract Introduction: Predicting patient survival rates following radical prostatectomy remains an area of clinical interest. We compared the ability of standard clinical Gleason scores and alternative 'weighted' Gleason scores to predict pathology, margin status and recurrence in prostate cancer.
Materials and methods: Patients who underwent robotic radical prostatectomy performed by a single surgeon between Jan 2007 - Dec 2008 were included. Tumor at the inked margin in pathologic samples was considered a positive margin. Recurrence was defined as PSA ≥ 0.2 or the institution of salvage therapy. Standard pathologic Gleason scores were recorded. The proportion of tumor… More >

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ARTICLE

Lee A. Richter¹, Robert E. Gutman¹, Eshetu Tefera², Allison Estep¹, Cheryl B. Iglesia¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7715-7719, 2015
Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of pelvic floor disorders (PFD) in aging women is comparable to the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in aging men. The objective of this study was to assess young adults' familiarity with the definition, prevalence, etiology, and treatment of PFD and ED.
Materials and methods: Women and men aged 18-40 years completed a validated survey (Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Quiz) to assess knowledge of urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Both groups completed a similar questionnaire created to assess knowledge of ED. Participants were asked to estimate the prevalence of these… More >

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ARTICLE

Daniel Pfalzgraf^1,2, Luis Kluth¹, Philip Reiss¹, Margit Fisch¹, Roland Dahlem¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7720-7726, 2015
Abstract Introduction: To assess bothersome results of surgery and changes in quality of life (QoL) in patients with two-staged urethral reconstruction. In patients requiring two-staged urethroplasty a functional corpus spongiosum is usually absent, and complications such as urinary dribbling, ejaculation problems and penile deviation can be expected. Data on these complications, patient satisfaction and QoL is limited.
Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis by chart review and a standardized questionnaire of 19 consecutive patients with urethral strictures treated by two-staged urethroplasty with buccal-mucosa-graft or mesh-graft.
Results: Overall success rate was 84%. Mean follow up 11.2 months, mean length… More >

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ARTICLE

Ryan Swearingen, William W. Roberts, J. Stuart Wolf Jr.
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7727-7731, 2015
Abstract Introduction: While percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is often the procedure of choice for renal and ureteral calculi in transplant kidneys, retrograde ureteroscopy (URS) is a less frequently applied but excellent option if stone burden is small. We retrospectively examined nine surgical cases performed in seven patients in what appears to be the largest single institutional series reported to date.
Materials and methods: Seven patients underwent nine retrograde URS between June of 2009 and September of 2013, by two endourologists. These cases were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: Among the nine procedures, we were able to address the stone(s) endoscopically… More >

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ARTICLE

Marie N’gamba^1,*, Souhil Lebdai^1,*, Camille Hasting², Paul Panayotopoulos¹, Myriam Ammi¹, Loïc Sentilhes², Philippe Descamps², Abdel-Rahmène Azzouzi¹, Pierre Bigot¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7732-7738, 2015
Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors of urolithiasis etiology for acute renal colic (ARC) during pregnancy.
Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective review of all pregnant women hospitalized for an ARC between January 2007 and October 2012 in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a University Hospital. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to assess potential predictive factors of urolithiasis etiology.
Results: We included 82 patients. A urolithiasis was identified in 24 (29.3%) patients. In univariate analysis, we identified the following predictive factors for a urolithiasis etiology: primiparity… More >

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ARTICLE

C. Lowell Parsons¹, James A. Koziol², Jeffrey G. Proctor³, Paul Zupkas¹, Sulabha Argade¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7739-7744, 2015
Abstract Introduction: Interstitial cystitis (IC), sometimes referred to as IC/bladder pain syndrome, is a substantial health care problem. Once considered a rare, orphan disease, it is now believed to be relatively common. This pilot study was undertaken to determine if the combination of heparin and alkalinized lidocaine (heparin-lidocaine) was more efficacious than alkalinized lidocaine at relieving pain and urgency symptoms associated with IC and also capable of yielding higher lidocaine absorption.
Materials and methods: A single blind study was conducted on 14 IC patients with a heparin-lidocaine combination versus alkalinized lidocaine instilled intravesically. In a separate study… More >

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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Timothy H. Atkinson, Matthew Love, Jamie Messer
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7745-7747, 2015
Abstract Nutcracker syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by extrinsic compression of left renal vein by the superior mesenteric artery and aorta. Prevalence of the disease is unknown, but presents most commonly with gross hematuria and fank pain. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and treatment consists of a wide range of vascular surgical options with a more recent focus using an endovascular approach. We present a case of a 29-year-old female with continuous gross hematuria and fank pain from a segmental artery pseudoaneursym secondary to nutcracker and pelvic congestion syndrome. More >

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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Nikita Abhyankar¹, Christopher Vendryes¹, Leslie A. Deane²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7748-7751, 2015
Abstract We describe the first reported case of completely intracorporeal robot-assisted laparoscopic reverse seven ileal ureteric reconstruction. The patient was a woman with bilateral, long segment ureteric strictures secondary to pelvic surgery and radiation. This report demonstrates that robotic reconstruction is a viable option even in a complex patient with a hostile abdomen. More >

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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Rutveej Patel¹, Izak Faiena¹, Jules Geltzeiler²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7752-7754, 2015
Abstract We present a case of a 75-year-old male with a history of high risk prostate cancer who underwent androgen deprivation therapy and palliative radiation treatments for his disease. Subsequently, he presented with gross hematuria and severe lower urinary tract symptoms. A palliative transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) at that time, demonstrated large cell differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma with metastasis to the lung. We review the limited literature on this rare form of disease and present current treatment strategies. More >

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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Scott M. Norberg¹, Michelle Oros¹, Varsha Manucha², Daniel Eun¹, Marijo Bilusic³
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7755-7757, 2015
Abstract Cutaneous metastases from urologic cancers are very uncommon, usually represent widespread metastatic disease and are associated with a very poor prognosis. They may occur in 1% of patients with urologic malignancies, most commonly from kidney, followed by bladder and prostate tumors. In this report, we describe a case of urothelial carcinoma with metastases to the scrotum treated with platinum based chemotherapy with a durable complete response lasting more than 14 months. Molecular profiling revealed deleterious mutations in e-cadherin and retinoblastoma genes, suggesting their possible role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous metastases. Further studies are needed More >

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HOW I DO IT

Kevan M. Sternberg¹, Bruce L. Jacobs², Benjamin J. King¹, Jared B. Wachterman¹, Khaled Shahrour², Katherine M. Theisen², Sarah E. Sprauer², Erin Ohmann², Timothy D. Averch²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7758-7762, 2015
Abstract Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the standard treatment for patients with large stone burdens, but can be associated with significant complications. Flexible ureteroscopy is an alternative approach that is less invasive, but often requires multiple procedures. Typically, many factors play a role in the decision to perform PCNL or ureteroscopy. The challenge is that it is difficult to predict which stone burdens will be able to be cleared ureteroscopically. We describe our approach using initial prone ureteroscopy with the transition to standard prone PCNL if required. More >

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HOW I DO IT

Gregory J. Diorio¹, Daniel J. Canter^2,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7763-7766, 2015
Abstract For patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, cystoscopy and transurethral resection/vaporization of the bladder tumor plays an integral role in the treatment of a given patient’s bladder cancer. Although considered the current gold standard for tumor detection, traditional or white light cystoscopy has been shown to have its limitations visualizing both small papillary tumors and/or carcinoma in-situ. Current efforts have been directed to closing this gap with data demonstrating that by identifying these previously missed lesions, tumor recurrence and progression rates are reduced, thereby improving patient outcomes.
Narrow Band Imaging, which can be used during… More >

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