Open Access

EDITORIAL

Leonard G. Gomella
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5581-5581, 2011
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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LEGENDS IN UROLOGY

Jean B. deKernion
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5582-5584, 2011
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REVIEW

Amir Kazzazi, Bob Djavan
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5585-5591, 2011
Abstract Introduction: Controversy persists concerning the role of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the current status on PLND in prostate cancer.
Methods: A review of the literature was performed concerning radical prostatectomy and PLND with respect to oncological outcome, associated complications, nodal yield, indications and minimal number of nodes required.
Results: PLND is still the modality of choice for detecting lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. Current imaging techniques are not accurate enough for detecting nodal metastases. Extended PLND has… More >

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REVIEW

Mohamed A. Elshaikh¹, Dina R. Ibrahim¹, Hans Stricker², James O. Peabody²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5592-5600, 2011
Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in American men. For patients with adverse pathologic features, postoperative radiotherapy to prostate bed after radical prostatectomy has been shown in randomized studies to improve many important clinical endpoints including overall survival. In this review article, we distinguish adjuvant radiation treatment (ART) from salvage radiation treatment (SRT), discuss the evidences for ART and its potential side effects focusing on the debate concerning the optimal timing of post prostatectomy radiation treatment (RT).
Material and methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE including pre-MEDLINE.
Conclusion: For More >

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MEETING REVIEW

Alex Farr¹, Roman Herout¹, Markus Margreiter¹, Georgi Tosev¹, Bob Djavan²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5601-5607, 2011
Abstract At the recent annual congress, of the European Association of Urology (EAU), urologists from around the world presented their exciting discoveries related to an array of topics. Besides the huge variety of different sessions and courses, the EAU Section of Uro-Technology (ESUT) transmitted live broadcasts of surgeries from the medical universities of Vienna and Heilbronn, focusing on novel surgical techniques. Unfortunately, this year’s congress was clouded by the environmental disaster and nuclear accident in Japan, which prevented a number of Japanese urologists to attend the congress due to obstacles in travelling. In this brief update, More >

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ARTICLE

Adam P. Klausner¹, Corey M. Johnson¹, Aaron B. Stike¹, John E. Speich², Vikram Sabarwal³, Amy S. Miner¹, MaryEllen Cleary, Harry P. Koo¹, Paul H. Ratz³
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5608-5614, 2011
Abstract Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is produced by rabbit detrusor muscle that is free of urothelium, and to demonstrate that PGE2 is responsible for the generation of spontaneous rhythmic contractions (SRC).
Materials and Methods: A bioassay was conducted in which the contraction frequency of rabbit detrusor strips was compared before and after the addition of superfusate obtained from incubated sections of rabbit detrusor. Specificity of the response was assessed using SC-51089, a PGE2 (EP1) receptor antagonist. The effects on tension development were also tested in artery segments treated with… More >

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ARTICLE

Tom Feng, Jithin Yohannan, Angela Gupta, Matthew E. Hyndman, Mohammad Allaf
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5615-5618, 2011
Abstract Introduction: Surgical glove integrity is important in preventing wound infections and reducing patient mortality. Rates of perforations have been studied in many surgical subspecialties, but glove perforations specific to urology have not been investigated previously. This study aims to determine the incidence of glove perforations during urological surgeries and to investigate differences between open, laparoscopic, and endoscopic procedures.
Materials and methods: A total of 180 gloves were collected from various urological procedures performed at our institution: 59 from endoscopic, 72 from laparoscopic, and 49 from open cases. The gloves were tested for defects by both the water… More >

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ARTICLE

Wen-Jun Xiao^1,3, Ding-Wei Ye^1,3, Xu-Dong Yao^1,3, Shi-Lin Zhang^1,3, Bo Dai^1,3, Chao-Fu Wang^2,3, Jian Wang^2,3, Hai-Liang Zhang^1,3, Yi-Jun Shen^1,3, Yao Zhu^1,3, Yi-Ping Zhu^1,3, Guo-Hai Shi^1,3, Chun-Guang Ma^1,3, Xiao-Jian Qin^1,3, Guo-Wen Lin^1,3
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5619-5624, 2011
Abstract Introduction: To perform a head-to-head comparison among three generations of Partin tables, namely from 1997, 2001 and the last updated version of 2007, in a Chinese cohort of prostate cancer.
Material and methods: Clinical and pathological data of 198 consecutive Chinese patients were retrospectively analyzed, who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer between January 2005 and May 2010. Three versions of the Partin tables were compared for their accuracy and performance to predict final pathological stage using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: Of the whole cohort 58.6% were presented with organ-confined disease (OCD), 10.1% had… More >

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ARTICLE

Meelan Bul¹, Nicolas B. Delongchamps², Ewout W. Steyerberg³, Gustavo de la Roza⁴, Pim J. van Leeuwen¹, Xiaoye Zhu¹, Heidi A. van Vugt¹, Gabriel P. Haas⁵, Fritz H. Schröder¹, Monique J. Roobol¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5625-5629, 2011
Abstract Introduction and objective: The Prostate Cancer Risk Indicator is a validated tool used to predict the likelihood that a screen-detected prostate cancer is indolent, partially based on lateralized sextant biopsies. Our objective was to derive correction factors for updating this model to reflect contemporary extended biopsy schemes.
Materials and methods: Post-mortem 18-core biopsy results from men who died of unrelated causes but were diagnosed with prostate cancer post-mortem were analyzed. These data included details from both biopsy samples and whole-mount pathological specimens. For each positive 18-core biopsy, the Gleason score, number of positive cores, tumor location within the… More >

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HOW I DO IT

Michael McClelland Jr
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5630-5633, 2011
Abstract Objective: This article describes an efficient and effective method of using the Olympus PlasmaButton (Olympus, Southborough, MA, USA) for transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP).
Methods: This technique was developed over the past 18 months. During the procedure, patients underwent TUVP using the Olympus PlasmaButton, with vaporization focused on the inner aspect of the prostate until it was judged to be significantly open and unobstructed.
Results: Patients were found to tolerate the procedure well, with what appears to be durable clinical outcomes. Postoperative bleeding, both in the short and long term, has not been a significant concern using More >

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HOW I DO IT

Jack Barkin
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5634-5643, 2011
Abstract Introduction: Curative treatments for localized prostate cancer, from least invasive to most invasive, include brachytherapy, cryosurgery, three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, external beam radiation therapy, and radical prostatectomy. A patient with localized, low risk or intermediate risk prostate cancer who is diagnosed at an early age and receives one of these treatments has only an approximately 50% chance of maintaining an undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, good spontaneous erections, and total continence by 5 years after treatment.
Objective: This article discusses transrectal high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment of localized prostate cancer using the Sonablate 500 (Focus Surgery,… More >

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HOW I DO IT

Marina Cheng¹, Stephen W. Looney², James A. Brown¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5644-5649, 2011
Abstract Purpose: Ureteroileal anastomotic stricture is a late complication of Bricker ileal conduits. We report our utilization of a “shield shaped” rather than a standard slit ileotomy.
Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed a single surgeon’s experience performing Bricker ileal conduits, initially using a slit incision, then a shield shaped ileotomy. Patient demographics, type of ileotomy, indication, history of prior radiation or chemotherapy, development of postoperative ureteroileal anastomotic stricture, date of stricture diagnosis, imaging modality, stricture treatment, outcome, and length of follow up were recorded.
Results: A total of 50 ileal conduit patients were identified between 2001-2009. A traditional… More >

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CLINICAL TRIALS

Eric Winquist, George Rodrigues
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5650-5656, 2011
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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Ashley B. King¹, David E. Rapp^1,2
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5657-5659, 2011
Abstract Introduction: Botulinum toxin (BTX) has emerged as a treatment of refractory overactive bladder (OAB) and, while well tolerated, there exists concern regarding postoperative urinary retention.
Case: A 75-year-old female underwent intravesical BTX-A injection, which was followed by a prolonged episode of urinary retention, highlighting an unusual duration and degree of UR associated with BTX-A injection in the treatment of idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO). This case illustrates clinically significant urinary retention with bladder diaries demonstrating persistent postvoid residual (PVR) measurements exceeding voided volume until 9 month follow up.
Conclusions: Notably, this duration and severity of urinary retention remains rare. More >

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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Jay Heintz, Barbara Kahn, Andrew Kramer
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5660-5662, 2011
Abstract Introduction: To report an unusual presentation of metastatic prostate cancer to the orbit in an immunosuppressed patient, who received a novel palliative treatment regimen.
Materials and methods: A 56 year old HIV+ man presented with proptosis and unilateral blindness. The diagnosis, work up, and treatment are outlined.
Results: Metastatic prostate cancer to the orbit is diagnosed, and the treatment with IMRT and hormone ablation is explored.
Conclusion: We outline the literature and current thinking surrounding prostate cancer metastases to the orbit. HIV+ patients currently enjoy longer life expectancies, with the caveat that their immunosuppressed status may lead to more More >

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CASE REPORT

John Lazarus, Lisa Kaestner
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 5663-5665, 2011
Abstract A 48-year-old HIV positive woman presented with urgency, frequency, recurrent cystitis and episodic macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed papillary lesions involving most of the bladder. Histology of bladder biopsies revealed human papilloma virus (HPV) associated condyloma acuminata. We discuss the treatment of this rare lesion and review the literature. More >

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