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Prostate cancer diagnosis often relies on systematic biopsy, yet the choice between transperineal and transrectal approaches remains debated. This study leverages machine learning to compare both methods across diagnostic yield, complication rates, and procedural efficiency. The model provides data-driven insights into biopsy selection tailored to individual patient profiles.
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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    LEGENDS IN UROLOGY

    Hiroki Watanabe
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 129-135, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068161 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Survival outcomes with pelvic node dissection after partial cystectomy among octogenarians with muscle-invasive bladder cancer

    Arjun Pon Avudaiappan*, Pushan Prabhakar, Hannah Baker, Mukesh K. Roy, Manuel Ozambela Jr, Christopher Gomez, Murugesan Manoharan
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 137-143, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064725 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Introduction: Radical cystectomy with pelvic node dissection remains the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC); however, there is a growing interest in bladder preservation alternatives among the elderly population. Guidelines indicate that partial cystectomy (PC) combined with pelvic node dissection (LND) can be considered as an alternative in carefully selected individuals. Using the National Cancer Database, we analyzed the overall survival (OS) between PC with and without LND among octogenarians. Methods: We identified octogenarians with localized muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (cT2-3N0M0) and urothelial histology who underwent PC with or without LND between 2004 and… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    REVIEW

    Botulinum toxin A in idiopathic overactive bladder: a narrative review of 5410 cases

    Salim Lachkar*, Ahmed Ibrahimi, Imad Boualaoui, Hachem El Sayegh, Yassine Nouini
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 145-165, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064912 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Introduction: When conservative treatments fail, botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is an option for refractory idiopathic overactive bladder (OAB). This review evaluates the efficacy, safety, and predictive factors for BoNT-A in this situation. Material and Methods: A literature search up to January 2025 was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase to assess efficacy, safety, and predictors of adverse events (AE) related to BoNT-A. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for randomized studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for cohort studies. The quality of the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    CASE REPORT

    Long-term follow-up of metastatic renal myoepithelial carcinoma: case report and literature review

    Priya Dave1, Ghizlane Yaakoubi2, Justin Loloi1, Niraj Shenoy3,*, Ahmed Aboumohamed1,*
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 167-172, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063279 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Background: Primary renal myoepithelial carcinoma is an exceptionally rare malignancy with limited data on optimal treatment, particularly in metastatic settings. Case Description: In 2020, Shenoy reported a dramatic response in a case of metastatic myoepithelial carcinoma with Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-POU class 5 homeobox 1 (EWSR1-POU5F1) fusion arising from the left kidney using the Ewing Sarcoma vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide, etoposide (VDC/IE) chemotherapy regimen. Ten months post-treatment, the patient showed ~90% reduced disease burden on imaging. Subsequent treatment included consolidation vincristine, cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide, etoposide (VC/IE) chemotherapy, surgical resection of the remnant tumor, and follow-up imaging. Conclusion: The More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Machine learning-based comparison of transperineal vs. transrectal biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis: evaluating procedural effectiveness

    Mostafa Ahmed Arafa1,2, Karim Hamda Farhat1,*, Nesma Lotfy3, Farrukh Kamel Khan1, Alaa Mokhtar4, Abdulaziz Mohammed Althunayan1, Waleed Al-Taweel4, Sultan Saud Al-Khateeb4, Sami Azhari1,5, Danny Munther Rabah1,4
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 173-180, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066016 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Background: Transrectal (TR) and transperineal (TP) biopsies are commonly used methods for diagnosing prostate cancer. However, their comparative effectiveness in conjunction with machine learning (ML) techniques remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of ML algorithms in detecting prostate cancer using data derived from TR and TP biopsies. Methods: The clinical records of patients who underwent prostate biopsy at King Saud University Medical City and King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centerin Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2018 and 2025 were analyzed. Data were used to train and test ML models, including eXtreme… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Feasibility and short-term outcomes of robotic distal ureteroureterostomy for benign obstruction

    Jonathan A. Seaman*, Rita Palanjian, John Fitzgerald, Kyle McCormick, Joel Funk, Sunchin Kim
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 181-187, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064047 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Introduction: Distal ureteral obstruction has classically been managed by ureteroneocystostomy (UNC). The feasibility and success of robotic primary ureteroureterostomy (UU) for benign obstruction appears promising with several benefits over UNC but is poorly studied. Robotic repair offers superior visualization and precision, allowing for minimal ureteral dissection. Here we report on our experience and short-term outcomes. Materials and Methods: We identified patients who underwent robotic distal ureteroureterostomy for benign distal ureteral obstruction at our institution from 2020–2024. Etiology, stricture length, and post-operative outcomes were recorded. All patients had renal ultrasound (US), diuretic renography, or cross-sectional imaging within… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Robotic-assisted super-extended pelvic lymph node dissection for prostate cancer: safety and pathologic findings

    Ryan Daigle1, Ilene Staff2, Joseph Tortora2, Tara McLaughlin Proto3,*, Kevin Pinto3, Rosa Negron2, Jonathan Earle4, Joseph Wagner,3
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 189-198, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063773 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Introduction: We examined the pathology and safety outcomes associated with the extent of pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with high-risk prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively identified men with prostate cancer who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection between May 2016 and September 2021. Cases were categorized using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes (38571) for extended lymph node dissection and super-extended lymph node dissection (38572). Using logistic regression, we compared the groups on a number of factors, including recurrence. Results: Super-extended lymph node dissection had significantly higher median… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Role of J stent as a minimally invasive treatment option for ureteropelvic junction obstruction

    Murat Yavuz Koparal1, Burak Elmas2,*, Serhat Gurocak1, Cihat Aytekin1, Mustafa Ozgur Tan1
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 199-207, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063616 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting treatment success in children that got either pyeloplasty or J stent placement in ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). Patients and Methods: The study comprised 126 patients who either J stent placement or pyeloplasty performed by the same physician for UPJO from 2012 to 2022. The criteria for surgical intervention adhered to the European Association of Urology (EAU) recommendations. Symptomatic patients with verified obstruction, with a split renal function (SRF) over 40%, low-grade hydronephrosis (Society of Fetal Urology grade 2), and an obstructive segment measuring less… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    CASE REPORT

    Teapot ureterocystoplasty in posterior urethral valve and chronic kidney disease: a case report

    Geemitha Ratnayake*, Yaqoub Jafar, Bruno Leslie, Luis Henrique Braga*
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 209-212, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064122 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Background: Bladder augmentation is frequently required to manage poorly compliant, low-capacity bladders resulting from posterior urethral valves (PUV). While traditional enterocystoplasty techniques are limited by complications associated with bowel tissue use, ureterocystoplasty presents a favorable alternative in patients with concurrent megaureter. Methods: We describe a novel teapot ureterocystoplasty technique that enhances ureteral vascular preservation by maintaining a 3 cm distal ureteral segment in its detubularized configuration. Postoperative outcomes demonstrated significant improvement, with cystographic bladder capacity increasing from 50 to 180 mL. Renal function stabilized following a transient creatinine elevation to 250 μmol/L. Result and Conclusion: At More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    CASE REPORT

    Cryptic torsion: a case report of intra-abdominal supernumerary testicular torsion in a pediatric patient with normal descended testes

    Megan G. Paradzinsky1,*, Mukul Sharda1, Arya R. Anvar1, Travis W. Groth2
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 213-217, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063777 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Polyorchidism is a rare anomaly of the male urogenital tract characterized by the presence of one or more extra testes. Supernumerary testes can often present with coexistent conditions, including cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, and torsion. We report a case of a pediatric patient with initial concern for intra-scrotal left testicular torsion on ultrasonography who was ultimately found to have torsion of an intra-abdominal supernumerary testis. He underwent scrotal exploration with bilateral orchiopexy and laparoscopic excision of the torsed gonad. This case highlights a unique presentation of polyorchidism with incongruent descent of an ipsilateral supernumerary testis. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Quality of life and surgical treatment regret in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy: a multicenter study

    Joshua Winograd1, Rebecca Kindler2, Cassidy Lleras2, Alia Codelia-Anjum3, Naeem Bhojani4, Dean Elterman5, Michael A. Diefenbach3, Daniel Ufearo2, Katharine Kechejian2, Siri Drangsholt2, Bilal Chughtai3,*
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 219-227, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064404 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Introduction: Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a common condition affecting men later in life, significantly impacting quality of life (QOL). Surgical intervention is often pursued when medical management fails, but patient satisfaction with outcomes varies. Decisional regret can affect perceived success and patient satisfaction post-surgery. This study evaluates the relationship between post-surgical symptoms and decisional regret across BPH procedures. Methods: A prospective, multicenter cohort study included 54 patients undergoing BPH surgery between March 2023 and February 2024. Patients completed the International Prostate Symptom Score-QOL (IPSS-QOL) scale preoperatively and at least three months postoperatively, along with… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    MINI REVIEW

    Review of techniques and approaches for ectopic reservoir placement in inflatable penile implant

    Etan Eigner1,*, Yacov Reisman2, Nicola Fazza1, Ameer Nsair1, Valentin Shabataev1, Ariel Zisman1
    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 229-235, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063332 - 27 June 2025
    Abstract Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) implantation is the gold standard treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction who are refractory to medical therapy. The standard placement of the reservoir in the space of Retzius (SOR) may be contraindicated in patients with prior pelvic or abdominal surgery due to altered anatomy and increased risk of complications. This has led to the development of alternative ectopic reservoir placement techniques. In this narrative review, we summarize the literature on various ectopic reservoir approaches, including low and high submuscular placements, submuscular techniques with counter incisions or transfascial fixation, midline submuscular placement, More >

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