Open Access

EDITORIAL

Francis X. Keeley
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7429-7429, 2014
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LEGENDS IN UROLOGY

James E. Montie
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7430-7432, 2014
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REVIEW

Julio T. Chong¹, MaryEllen T. Dolat², Adam P. Klausner², Ema Dragoescu³, Lance J. Hampton²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7433-7441, 2014
Abstract Introduction: Few studies have adequately addressed the indications, efficacy, and quality-of-life for cystectomy performed for non-malignant bladder conditions. Patients with debilitating non-malignant bladder conditions who have failed all previous conservative therapies may undergo various forms of cystectomy, including partial, simple or radical cystectomy. We provide a review of the current literature and recommendations for cystectomy for various non-malignant bladder conditions.
Materials and methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE was conducted to find prospective and retrospective studies using the keywords "cystectomy", "benign", and "non-malignant". Articles were reviewed and triaged, background articles were added as supplements, leaving a… More >

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ARTICLE

Mehmet Asim Bilen¹, Adriana Reyes², Deb Bhowmick^1,3, April Maa^1,4, Robert Bast, Jr⁵, Louis L. Pisters⁶, Sue-Hwa Lin⁷, Christopher J. Logothetis¹, Shi-Ming Tu¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7442-7448, 2014
Abstract Introduction: About 10% of tumors derived from nongynecologic, noncoelomic tissues react with the OC125 antibody. Some patients with advanced prostate cancer were found to have elevated serum CA-125 level.
Materials and methods: We examined the clinical history of 11 patients with castration resistant prostate cancer and an elevated serum CA-125 level. Pathological review and immunohistochemical staining were performed on tumors from eight of these patients.
Results: Patients with advanced prostate cancer and an elevated serum CA-125 level responded to androgen ablative therapy (median duration, 27 months). They were predisposed to develop persistent or recurrent urinary symptoms… More >

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ARTICLE

Abhinav Sidana^1,*, Selaiman Noori^2,*, Nilesh Patil¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7449-7453, 2014
Abstract Introduction: To describe the utility of the smartphone camera in patient management in urology.
Materials and methods: Clinical scenarios were collected retrospectively in which photographs that were taken on smartphone and transmitted by multimedia messaging service (MMS) served an important role in making a diagnosis and/or helped in the self-monitoring of urologic issues by patients.
Results: Scenario 1 – a 39-year-old male that presented to the emergency room (ER) with scrotal pain, bruising, and swelling 1 day after bilateral vasectomy. The on call urologist requested that the ER physician send a photograph of the wound using… More >

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ARTICLE

Daniel A. Wollin¹, Fang-Ming Deng², William C. Huang¹, James S. Babb³, Andrew B. Rosenkrantz³
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7454-7459, 2014
Abstract Introduction: To compare qualitative and quantitative imaging features from conventional and diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection of metastatic pelvic lymph nodes in bladder cancer patients undergoing cystectomy.
Materials and methods: Thirty-six patients who had undergone cystectomy for bladder cancer with preoperative MRI with DWI sequence prior to surgery were included. Imaging features on conventional and DW-MRI were compared with histopathology at cystectomy.
Results: Nodal features associated with metastatic lymphadenopathy were short axis (AUC = 0.85, p < 0.001; when SA > 5 mm: sensitivity = 88%, specificity = 75%), long axis (AUC =… More >

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ARTICLE

Asha E. Jamzadeh¹, Donghua Xie¹, Melissa A. Laudano¹, Dean S. Elterman¹, Stephan Seklehner^1,2, Lucien Shtromvaser³, Richard Lee¹, Steven A. Kaplan¹, Alexis E. Te¹, Renuka Tyagi¹, Bilal Chughtai¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7460-7464, 2014
Abstract Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in young women is becoming a more recognized urologic issue that can arise from many causes, each with their own management strategy. The purpose of this study was to determine the rates of various etiologies for LUTS in women under 40 years of age.
Materials and methods: Video urodynamic studies (VUDS) were performed in 70 women age 40 years or less with LUTS for greater than 6 months between March 2005 and June 2012 at Weill Cornell Medical College. Patients with culture-proven bacterial urinary tract infections, pelvic organ prolapse greater than… More >

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ARTICLE

Timothy J. Tausch¹, Allen F. Morey¹, Lee C. Zhao¹, Paul Knoll¹, Jay Simhan¹, J. Francis Scott¹, James R. Flemons¹, Steven K. Wilson²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7465-7469, 2014
Abstract Introduction: High submuscular (HSM) inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) reservoir insertion is a new technique that involves placing the reservoir high beneath the muscles of the abdominal wall. We queried a variety of surgeons to assess their impressions of how HSM reservoir placement compares with traditional space of Retzius (SOR) placement.
Materials and methods: A nationwide group of urologists trained in HSM reservoir placement was surveyed to assess preferences and concerns compared to SOR placement. Using a Likert scale survey, we compared HSM to traditional SOR placement with regard to ease of implementation, surgical preference, and patient safety.… More >

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ARTICLE

Miriam Hadj-Moussa¹, Kenneth G. Nepple², James A. Brown^1,*
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7470-7474, 2014
Abstract Introduction: We compared a single surgeon, single-institution experience with the Wolf Ultrasonic Model #2167.05 (Richard Wolf Medical Instruments Co., Vernon Hills, IL, USA), Lithoclast Ultra (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA), and CyberWand (Gyrus/ACMI, Southborough, MA, USA) lithotripters for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). We assessed each lithotripter's performance and durability.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review on 70 sequential PCNLs. Treatments were split into three cohorts based on the type of lithotripter used: Wolf (August 2003 to February 2004), Lithoclast (March 2004 to November 2008), or CyberWand (December 2008 to October 2009). Operative time, repeat… More >

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ARTICLE

Yachao Zhang¹, Kazim R. Chohan^2,3, Steve K. Landas^3,4, Jay E. Reeder⁴, J.C. Trussell⁴
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7475-7478, 2014
Abstract Introduction: In obstructive azoospermia, choosing a sperm retrieval method for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) depends on the preference and expertise of both the urologist and the reproductive endocrinologist. Generally, a percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) is attempted first. Not uncommonly, multiple PESA's are necessary. This study utilizes a rat model to provide an understanding of sperm parameter and histological changes resulting from repetitive PESA procedures.
Materials and methods: A cohort of 30 male Wistar rats of reproductive age (68-73 days) was divided into three groups of 10 (G1-G3). All three groups underwent a left epididymal head… More >

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ARTICLE

Costas D. Lallas¹, Yomi Fashola¹, Robert B. Den², Francisco Gelpi-Hammerschmidt¹, Anne E. Calvaresi¹, Peter McCue³, Ruth Birbe³, Leonard G. Gomella¹, Edouard J. Trabulsi¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7479-7486, 2014
Abstract Introduction: To identify and assess predictive factors for positive surgical margins (PSM) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP).
Materials and methods: An Institution Review Board (IRB) approved retrospective review of 1751 patients that underwent RP from March 2000 to June 2013 was performed. Identified were 1740 patients whom had not received neoadjuvant therapy; these were used for the purpose of this analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine factors associated with and predictive of PSMs, divided into preoperative and pathological. Variables analyzed include age, body mass index (BMI), race, surgeon, surgical modality, pathologic T-stage and… More >

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ARTICLE

Simon Ouellet, Michel Carmel, Arold Martel, Robert Sabbagh
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7487-7495, 2014
Abstract Introduction: The role of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in the management of very large renal masses has yet to be determined. Moreover, no studies have considered the total size of the specimen removed. We report our experience managing renal masses ≥ 10 cm with transperitoneal LRN.
Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases of LRN performed in the context of renal masses from 2006 to 2012 at our institution. LRNs were divided into two groups; tumors 10 cm or larger (n = 24) and tumors smaller than 10 cm (n = 124). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, operative… More >

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ARTICLE

Timothy R. Rebbeck¹, Gabriel P. Haas²
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7496-7506, 2014
Abstract Introduction: To inform historical trends and racial disparities in prostate cancer across time and geography.
Materials and methods: Data from 58 autopsy studies of latent prostate cancer from 1898–2013 were identified and analyzed accounting for histopathological methods, which may have varied over time.
Results: Prostate cancer is most prevalent in African descent men, less prevalent in European descent men, and least prevalent in Asian descent men. Fifty percent of Asian men have latent prostate tumors by 90. This 50% prevalence is reached by age 80 in Caucasians, and by age 60 in African descent men. While men are… More >

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RESIDENT’S CORNER

Thomas W. Fuller, Benjamin T. Ristau, Ronald M. Benoit
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7507-7509, 2014
Abstract Placement of an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) remains the gold standard for treatment of stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Persistent or recurrent incontinence after AUS placement can occur. Options then include cuff revision or placement of a retrourethral transobturator sling (RTS), among other alternatives. This report describes simultaneous cuff revision and placement of a RTS for management of refractory stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. This approach obviates the need for additional procedures if one approach fails. This is especially valuable for patients averse to operative intervention and those at high risk for general More >

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PEDIATRIC UROLOGY

Adam C. Calaway¹, Benjamin Whittam¹, Konrad M. Szymanski¹, Rosalia Misseri¹, Martin Kaefer¹, Richard C. Rink¹, Boaz Karymazn², Mark P. Cain¹
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7510-7514, 2014
Abstract Introduction: Traditionally, a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) has been obtained in patients diagnosed with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) because of published vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) rates between 10%–20%. However, with the diagnosis and treatment of low grade VUR undergoing significant changes, we questioned the utility of obtaining a VCUG in healthy patients with a MCDK. We reviewed our experience to see how many of the patients with documented VUR required surgical intervention.
Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective review of children diagnosed with unilateral MCDK from 2002 to 2012 who also underwent a VCUG.
Results: A total of 133… More >

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COMMENTARY

Ariella A. Friedman, Lane S. Palmer
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 7515-7515, 2014
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