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Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions

Submission Deadline: 30 June 2026 View: 498 Submit to Special Issue

Guest Editors

Prof. Yong Xu

Email: xuyong8816@sina.com

Affiliation: Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China

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Research Interests: multimodal imaging-guided biopsy, mri/trus fusion precision biopsy, biomarker-driven precision diagnostics, ai-powered intelligent pathology, multidimensional risk stratification, biopsy complication management, lesion-targeted focal therapy

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Prof. Gang Song

Email: songgang@cicams.ac.cn

Affiliation: Department of Urology, National Cancer Center / National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China

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Research Interests: robotic radical prostatectomy MRI-ultrasound fusion prostate biopsy advanced prostate cancer management nephron-sparing kidney cancer surgery radical cystectomy

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Assoc. Prof. Xingkang Jiang

Email: jiangx@tmu.edu.cn

Affiliation: Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China

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Research Interests: optimizing prostate biopsy techniques (MRI-targeted/regional biopsy, biopsy-free nomograms) to enhance significant cancer detection and reduce overdiagnosis. investigating non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs/circRNAs) in prostate cancer resistance to docetaxel/apalutamide via β-catenin/HIF-1α and c-Myc signaling pathways. exploring lncRNA/circRNA regulation of iron metabolism and ferroptosis in treatment resistance and heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis. analyzing real-world treatment strategies and outcomes in diverse prostate cancer populations (e.g., elderly, young-onset patients). developing urological devices (e.g., biopsy instruments) and AI-driven models for precision biopsy planning and treatment optimization

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Summary

Prostate cancer diagnosis faces critical challenges in balancing detection accuracy with overtreatment risks. Traditional methods like systematic biopsy and PSA testing lack precision, underscoring the urgent need for advanced diagnostic strategies.

This Special Issue explores transformative innovations in precision diagnosis of prostate cancer, focusing on, but not limited to, the following areas:
· MRI-Guided Targeted Biopsies and Perilesional Sampling Techniques
Advances in imaging-guided biopsy methods—including MRI/TRUS fusion and perilesional approaches—to optimize biopsy yield and reduce sampling errors
· Biopsy-Free Diagnostic Pathways
Development and validation of non-invasive diagnostic tools using liquid or tissue-based biomarkers (e.g., ExoDX, MyProstateScore) to minimize reliance on invasive procedures
· Molecular Biomarker Integration for Risk Stratification
Utilization of novel molecular signatures to enhance differentiation between clinically significant and indolent disease, enabling more personalized management strategies
· AI-Driven Imaging and Pathology Solutions
Implementation of artificial intelligence in imaging and pathology workflows to reduce diagnostic subjectivity and improve accuracy
· Complication-Mitigation Strategies for Biopsy Procedures
Innovations aimed at minimizing procedural risks such as infection, bleeding, and discomfort associated with prostate biopsies
· Cost-Effectiveness Analyses in Diverse Healthcare Settings
Evaluation of the clinical utility and economic viability of precision diagnostic approaches across different healthcare systems

We welcome original research articles, clinical investigations, and comprehensive reviews that emphasize clinical translation, real-world applicability, and global relevance. Submissions should contribute to the advancement of early detection strategies in prostate cancer—specifically those that minimize unnecessary interventions and overtreatment while ensuring accurate identification of clinically significant diseases.

Keywords

prostate cancer, early detection, diagnosis, dcreening, biomarkers, liquid biopsy, multiparametric MRI, PSMA-PET, artificial Intelligence, risk Stratification, active surveillance, precision medicine

Published Papers

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Open Access

ARTICLE

Analysis of risk factors for MRI-invisible prostate cancer—the significance of AGGF1 immunohistochemical detection and PSAD
Jingcheng Lyu, Ruiyu Yue, Ye Tian, Boyu Yang
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.074814
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions)
Abstract Objectives: Patients with a multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) prostate imaging report and data system (PI-RADS) score ≤ 3, but with clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) detected by biopsy, are termed MRI-Invisible prostate cancer (MRI(-)PCa). This study aims to explore risk factors for MRI(-)PCa and identify immunohistochemical indicators with predictive significance. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 376 patients with PI-RADS score ≤ 3 who underwent 24-needle systematic prostate biopsy at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University (January 2015 to October 2025). Clinical data, imaging data, and Angiogenic factor with G and FHA domain… More >

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ARTICLE

Early clinical experience and learning curve of transperineal prostate biopsy with a novel angle-adjustable needle guide
Erdem Öztürk, Tuncel Uzel, Mustafa Işikdoğan, İsa Dağli, Nurullah Hamİdİ, Halil Başar
Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.071101
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions)
Abstract Background: The European Association of Urology (EAU) recommends transperineal biopsy (TPBx) due to its lower infection risk and higher diagnostic rate for anterior zone tumors. This study aims to assess the learning curve of TPBx using the Perino-Flex^® angle-adjustable needle guide under local anesthesia. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024, involving 100 patients who underwent TPBx with coaxial technique under local anesthesia. Data collected included patient demographics, procedure and room times, pain levels, anxiety scores, and complications. The study focused on comparing procedure times, pain scores, and complication rates… More >

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EDITORIAL

Smarter, Not More: The Rationale for Reducing Systematic Cores in the MRI-Targeted Biopsy Era
Zhihong Lv, Yong Xu, Xingkang Jiang
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.079600
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions)
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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Open Access

ARTICLE

AI-based detection of MRI-invisible prostate cancer with nnU-Net
Jingcheng Lyu, Ruiyu Yue, Boyu Yang, Xuanhao Li, Jian Song
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 445-456, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068853
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions)
Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based image recognition system using the nnU-Net adaptive neural network to assist clinicians in detecting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-invisible prostate cancer. The motivation stems from the diagnostic challenges, especially when MRI findings are inconclusive (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] score ≤ 3). Methods: We retrospectively included 150 patients who underwent systematic prostate biopsy at Beijing Friendship Hospital between January 2013 and January 2023. All were pathologically confirmed to have clinically significant prostate cancer, despite negative findings on preoperative MRI. A total of 1475 MRI… More >

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HOW I DO IT

Freehand transperineal prostate biopsy under local anesthesia using a novel needle guide system with angle-adjustment feature
Eriz Özden, Erdem Öztürk
Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 477-482, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067507
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions)
Abstract Overview: Freehand transperineal prostate biopsy (TPPB) needle guides are designed to maintain a parallel alignment between the co-axial introducer needle and the ultrasound (US) transducer. However, this parallel alignment necessitates transducer angulations within the patient’s rectum for sampling anterior or posterior regions of the prostate, which introduces several problems both for the patient and the operator. This article introduces a technique using a TPPB needle guide system with a novel angle-adjustment feature, which minimizes intrarectal transducer movements. Objectives: Freehand TPPB typically requires anterior or posterior angulation of the ultrasound (US) transducer, which leads to prostate More >

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Advancing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions

Guest Editors

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