Open Access

EDITORIAL

Ye Zeng^1,*, Bingmei M. FU^2,*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 925-930, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065879 - 24 June 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Subcellular Organelles and Cellular Molecules: Localization, Detection, Prediction, and Diseases)
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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REVIEW

Siarhei A. Dabravolski^1,*, Michael I. Bukrinsky², Aleksandra S. Utkina³, Alessio L. Ravani⁴, Vasily N. Sukhorukov^5,6, Alexander N. Orekhov⁷
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 931-959, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062789 - 24 June 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Molecular Basis for the Involvement of Inflammation and Lipids in Pathologies)
Abstract Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) have emerged as critical players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD). These web-like structures, composed of DNA, histones, and granule proteins released by neutrophils, contribute significantly to both inflammation and thrombosis. This manuscript offers a comprehensive review of the recent literature on the involvement of NET in atherosclerosis, highlighting their interactions with various pathophysiological processes and their potential as biomarkers for CVD. Notably, the impact of radiation on NET formation is explored, emphasising how oxidative stress and inflammatory responses drive NET release, contributing to plaque instability. The… More >

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359

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REVIEW

Mei Huang, Zhenyu Zhang, Yuqi Luo, Yuqi Wu, Dan Pan, Yu Zhou^*, Xiaobo Luo, Yuchen Jiang^*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 961-980, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062918 - 24 June 2025
Abstract This review explores the pivotal role of circadian rhythm regulators, particularly the PER genes, in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). As key constituents of the biological clock, PERs exhibit a downregulated expression pattern in OSCC, and the expression levels of PERs in OSCC patients are correlated with a favorable prognosis. PERs impact the occurrence and development of OSCC through multiple pathways. In the regulation of cell proliferation, they can function not only through cell cycle regulation but also via metabolic pathways. For example, PER1 can interact with receptors for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) and… More >

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314

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MINI REVIEW

Federico Licastro^*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 981-989, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062303 - 24 June 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases)
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease causing the most frequent form of dementia in old age. AD etiology is still uncertain and deposition of abnormal proteins in the brain along with chronic neuroinflammation have been suggested as pathogenic mechanisms of neuronal death. Infections by exogenous neurotropic virus, endogenous retrovirus reactivation, infections by other microbes, and air pollutants may either induce neurodegeneration or activate brain inflammation. Up to 8% of the human genome has a retroviral origin. These ancient retroviruses, also called human endogenous retroviruses, are associated with a clinical history of several neurodegenerative diseases.… More >

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326

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REVIEW

Gloria Krajnc¹, Lara Metlika², Uroš Potočnik^1,2,3, Boris Gole^2,*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 991-1017, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063486 - 24 June 2025
Abstract Vedolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody and one of the safest biologics for the treatment of both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. It targets the α4β7 integrin and blocks leukocyte trafficking to the gut. Regardless of its efficacy in many patients, non-response to vedolizumab treatment poses a significant clinical challenge. In this review, we synthesize recent findings on genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and cellular biomarkers of vedolizumab response, emphasizing their roles in predicting therapeutic outcomes and understanding non-responsiveness. Key insights include the identification of epigenetic and transcriptomic signatures, the involvement of More >

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ARTICLE

Fu-Ping Zhu^1,#, Wu-Ping Li^1,#, Yin-Sheng Cao¹, Zhen-Zhen Cai¹, Hang Wu¹, Yu-Tong Zhu^2,*, Hui Liu^3,*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 1019-1035, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062380 - 24 June 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Mitochondrial Dynamics and Oxidative Stress in Disease: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets)
Abstract Objective: Limb ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) may lead to tissue necrosis and loss of function, even life-threatening. Our previous study found that Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction (THSWD) had some efficacy in treating of LIRI. Quercetin, the major component of THSWD, was selected further to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying its treatment of LIRI. Methods: In this study, myoblasts were isolated from rat gastrocnemius muscle tissue, and an in vitro LIRI model was established. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assay were used to evaluate the impact of quercetin on LIRI-induced myoblast viability and proliferation. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)… More >

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139

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ARTICLE

Yiqin He^1,2, Chenhan Hu^1,2, Xiangshu Meng^1,2, Rundong Ma^1,2, Kexin Duan^1,2, Yu Guo^2,3, Changqing Liu^1,2, Caiyun Ma^1,2, Gaofeng Liu^1,2,*, Chunjing Wang^1,2,*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 1037-1055, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.064633 - 24 June 2025
Abstract Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), due to their ability to differentiate into neurons and secrete neurotrophic factors. Genetic modification of MSCs for PD treatment has become a research focus. Methods: In this study, rat pulmonary mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) were transduced with lentiviral vectors carrying Lmx1a/NeuroD1 to establish genetically engineered PMSCs (LN-PMSCs) and induce their differentiation into dopaminergic neurons. The LN-PMSCs were then transplanted into the right medial forebrain bundle region of PD model rats prepared using the 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) method. Four weeks… More >

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191

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ARTICLE

Stanislav Aladev^1,*, Dmitry Sokolov¹, Maxim Politko¹, Galina Kazanskaya¹, Svetlana Aidagulova^1,2, Elvira Grigorieva^1,3
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 1057-1069, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.064100 - 24 June 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases)
Abstract Background: Glucocorticoids are used as anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of various diseases, however, their side effects on normal brain tissue remain underinvestigated. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate dexamethasone (DXM) effects on cell composition and myelin content in the mouse brain tissue. Methods: C57Bl/6 male mice (n = 60) received single and ten multiple intraperitoneal DXM injections (2.5 mg/kg), and the studied parameters were analysed at 1, 3, 7, 10 days after a single DXM injection and 15, 30, 60, and 90 days after the multiple injections. Oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes were assayed by immunohistochemistry… More >

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207

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ARTICLE

Myoung Cheol Shin¹, Tae-Kyeong Lee², Dae Won Kim³, Joon Ha Park⁴, Moo-Ho Won¹, Choong-Hyun Lee^5,*, Ji Hyeon Ahn^6,*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 1071-1083, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065506 - 24 June 2025
Abstract Background: Astrocyte endfeet (AEF) serves as a key element of the blood-brain barrier and is important for the survival and maintenance of neuronal function. However, the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes of AEF in the CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus over time following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury have not been well elucidated. Objectives: We investigated chronological changes in AEF in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area from 3 h to 10 days following transient forebrain ischemia (TFI), and examined their association with neuronal death and tissue repair following IR injury. Changes in the CA3 area… More >

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207

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ARTICLE

Natalia Lehman, Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak, Michał Zarobkiewicz^*
BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 1085-1099, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063960 - 24 June 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The Role of γδ T Cells and iNKT Cells in Cancer: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential)
Abstract Introduction: Butyrophilins (BTNs) belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily; they play crucial roles in immune regulation, especially in γδ T cell activation. While their expression has been studied in solid tumours, their involvement in hematologic malignancies remains poorly understood. Objectives: We hypothesised that BTNs are dysregulated in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), contributing to γδ T cell dysfunction and potentially influencing disease progression. Methods: In this study, we analyzed publicly available microarray and RNA-seq datasets to investigate the expression patterns of BTN genes in CLL. Results: Our findings reveal significant dysregulation of BTN gene expression in CLL, with BTN2A1, BTN3A1, BTN3A2,… More >

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